| MP65194 |
| MAPS : Financial Services Marketing to ABC's: February 2004 |
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This report covers: financial services marketing,
Companies covered include: Abbey National, Alliance and Leicester, Aviva, Barclays, HBOS, HSBC Holdings, Legal and General Group, Lloyds TSB, Northern Rock, The Post Office, National Savings, Prudential, Royal Sun Alliance, Royal Bank of Scotland, Standard Life, Towry Law, Zurich Financial Services,
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
| Executive Summary |
| As at 30th November 2003, UK households and housing associations owed £929.96bn equivalent to just over £37,000 per household. The amount outstanding soared by 13.3% in the year to 31st October 2003. The credit market depends heavily on the 'feel-good' factor arising from property price inflation, so any reverse in the property market would rein back credit. Key Note estimates the core mass affluent market with consistently high incomes and stable or increasing wealth, over and above owner-occupied property, at around 800,000 households. |
| The removal of customer-facing staff to cut costs jeopardises customer loyalty. Automated decision-making depends on data that often contain mistakes. While companies are relying on technology to replace staff, customers suffer from poor service and do not feel valued. Consumers' increasing remoteness from the decision-makers in financial-services companies also detracts from loyalty and trust. |
| Poor customer service from banks and insurers was a major issue emerging from the consumer research conducted exclusively for this report. Only a small minority of those interviewed felt that banks' service standards had improved over the past 2 years and an even smaller percentage believed insurers' service standards had risen. The survey also suggested that individuals have conflicting expectations: living and spending for today yet expecting financial security in the future. |
| The most heavily advertised brands among the financial categories popular with ABs include Direct Line, National Westminster (NatWest), MasterCard, Capital One and Halifax. More money goes on advertising credit cards than life and protection insurances, individual savings accounts (ISAs), unit and other trusts and investments combined. Debt management is a thriving sector attracting new entrants. |
| The proposed Pension Protection Fund (PPF) is unlikely to rescue the |
| defined-benefit pension on which the previous generation of managers and professionals depended for a secure retirement. For the current generation, especially the middle earners with teenage children, economic policies such as higher university tuition fees hit them disproportionately hard. Widespread social acceptance of individualism suggests that the gap between the most affluent households and the rest will continue to expand: the wealthiest ABs will have increasingly less in common with managers and professionals on low salaries; for example, many in the not-for-profit sector. |
| The A households, around 6% of the total, own approximately 59% of financial wealth. The total shares of both A and B households could ease back slightly by 2007, if C2s continue to benefit from a shortage of tradespeople and consequent rise in their incomes, giving them the resources to save and invest. The losers will not be the wealthiest As but the lower to mid-range managers and professionals, among whom competition for jobs will intensify as the supply of graduates rises. |
| Independent financial advisers (IFAs) are expected to have a growing role in financial advice to wealthier ABs. Managers and professionals on lower incomes, who will often need impartial advice, may struggle to afford it. |
| Mergers and acquisitions are likely to be common in financial services over the next 5 years, leading to less choice for customers. |
| The 18 to 34 age group faces a tough financial future. Saddled with debts, facing the expense of bringing up their own children and seeing their prospects of inheritance fade as their grandparents and parents use up their financial resources to fund retirement, this generation still refuses to plan for the future, preferring to live for the day. |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Executive Summary 9 |
| 1. Introduction 11 |
| THE TOPIC 11 |
| OBJECTIVES 11 |
| METHODOLOGY 11 |
| Original Research 11 |
| Problems in the Research Process 11 |
| DEFINITION 12 |
| 2. Strategic Overview 13 |
| MARKET DYNAMICS 13 |
| Market Issues 13 |
| Market Status 14 |
| Market Values 14 |
| DISTRIBUTION 14 |
| COMPETITIVE STRUCTURE 14 |
| Leading Companies 14 |
| Foreign Presence 14 |
| PROMOTION 15 |
| Top Advertisers 15 |
| Advertising Trends 15 |
| CONSUMER TRENDS 16 |
| MARKET FORECASTS 16 |
| Problems of Excessive Credit 16 |
| Government Leans on Private Sector 17 |
| MANAGERS OVERTAKE PROFESSIONALS 18 |
| Table 1: The UK Government's Former |
| and Current Occupational Classifications 19 |
| Table 2: Occupational Status of Household Reference |
| Persons in Great Britain (million and %), 2001 20 |
| BRAND AWARENESS IS CRUCIAL 21 |
| FLEXIBLE OPPORTUNITIES, CUSTOMER RESISTANCE 22 |
| KEY POINTS 23 |
| 3. Who Earns the High Incomes? 24 |
| BACKGROUND: THE MALE-FEMALE DIVIDE 24 |
| Household Income 24 |
| Table 3: Composition of Household Income in the UK |
| (% of households' income and £bn), 1987-2001 24 |
| Gender Differences 25 |
| Table 4: Income Bands by Sex and Range of Total Income Before Tax (000 taxpayers, £ and %), 2003/2004 25 |
| INCOMES PEAK BEFORE AGE 50 26 |
| Table 5: Income and Source of Income in the UK by Age of Household Reference Person (% and £ per week), 2001/2002 27 |
| Table 6: Percentage Change in Household Income by Age of Household Reference Person, 2000/2001-2001/2002 28 |
| TWO NATIONS 29 |
| INCOME STATISTICS MISLEAD 30 |
| KEY POINTS 30 |
| 4. Who Owns the Wealth? 31 |
| BACKGROUND: FINANCIAL WEALTH TUMBLES 31 |
| Table 7: Net Wealth of the Household Sector in the UK |
| at Constant 2001 Prices (£bn and %), 1987-2001 31 |
| POLARISATION 32 |
| Table 8: Households in Great Britain by Amount of Savings |
| and Total Weekly Household Income |
| (% of households), 2001/2002 33 |
| KEY POINTS 34 |
| 5. The Borrowing Binge 35 |
| BACKGROUND 35 |
| CREDIT STAMPEDE 35 |
| Table 9: Growth in Net Indebtedness in the UK |
| (£m and index 1993=100), 31st October 1993 to |
| 30th November 2003 36 |
| Consumer credit a quarter the value of |
| Property-backed loans 37 |
| Table 10: Total Lending to Individuals by Type of Lender |
| (%), November 2003 37 |
| SAVINGS SLUMP 38 |
| Table 11: Average Household Expenditure on Life Assurance, |
| Pensions, Medical Insurance and Savings and Investments |
| in the UK (£), 1997/1998, 1999/2000, 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 38 |
| Table 12: Household Expenditure on Life Assurance, Pensions, Medical Insurance and Savings and Investments |
| by Income Decile in the UK (£ per week), 2001/2002 39 |
| PROPERTY INVESTMENT A RIVAL TO SPENDING? 41 |
| KEY POINTS 41 |
| 6. Promotion 42 |
| `AB' CONCEPT TOO LOOSE 42 |
| CREDIT BUOYANT 42 |
| Table 13: Main Media Advertising Expenditure Across |
| Selected Categories Relevant to ABs (£000 and %), |
| Year Ending September 2003 43 |
| Table 14: Main Media Advertising Expenditure on |
| Credit Cards (£000), Year Ending September 2003 45 |
| Personal Loans 45 |
| Table 15: Main Media Advertising Expenditure |
| on Secured and Unsecured Personal Loans (£000), |
| Year Ending September 2003 46 |
| DEBT MANAGEMENT: THE OTHER SIDE OF CREDIT 46 |
| Table 16: Main Media Advertising Expenditure by Selected Providers of Debt Management Services in the UK (£000), |
| Year Ending September 2003 47 |
| PRIVATE BANKING LOW KEY 47 |
| Table 17: Main Media Advertising Expenditure |
| on Asset Management Private Banking (£000), |
| Years Ending September 2002 and 2003 48 |
| CONCENTRATION OF ADVERTISING POWER 48 |
| EXPLOSIVE Internet 50 |
| Table 18: Advertising Expenditure Growth Across Media Channels in the UK (£m), 1997 and 2002 51 |
| Table 19: Response Rates to Financial Direct Mail (%), |
| Average of 1998, 1999, 2000 and 2002 52 |
| KEY POINTS 53 |
| 7. Synthetic Relationships 54 |
| TECHNOLOGY NO SUBSTITUTE FOR REAL RELATIONSHIPS 54 |
| TRAWLING THE DATABASE 54 |
| PINPOINTING NEW CUSTOMERS 55 |
| KEY POINTS 57 |
| 8. An International Perspective 58 |
| LURE OF MYSTERIOUS WEALTH 58 |
| SWISS TO ENSHRINE SECRECY IN LAW 58 |
| MARKET TRENDS 59 |
| KEY POINTS 60 |
| 9. PEST Analysis 61 |
| POLITICAL FACTORS 61 |
| Fund to Protect Pensions Could Have Opposite Effect 61 |
| Tighter Regulations May Slow Borrowing a Little 61 |
| Chancellor's Statement Hints at Prosperous Future 62 |
| ECONOMIC FACTORS 62 |
| Table 20: Average Household Disposable Income |
| and Spending by Age of Head of Household (£ per week), 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 63 |
| SOCIAL FACTORS 63 |
| TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS 64 |
| KEY POINTS 65 |
| 10. Consumer Dynamics 66 |
| LIVING FOR TODAY 66 |
| Table 21: Summary of Survey Responses (% of respondents), 2002 and 2003 66 |
| SAVINGS SEESAW 67 |
| "My Savings Have Decreased Over The Past Year" 67 |
| "I Owe More Than I Have In Savings, Excluding Any Mortgage I May Have To Buy The Home I Live In" 67 |
| Table 22: Declining Savings and Net Indebtedness |
| (% of respondents), 2003 69 |
| LUXURIES BECOME NECESSITIES 71 |
| "I Go Without Luxuries Like Holidays And New Cars So That I Can Save And Invest For The Future" 71 |
| "I Would Like To Leave My Assets To My Children Or Other Relations" 72 |
| Table 23: Going Without Luxuries to Invest in the Future and Leaving Assets to Relations (% of respondents), 2003 73 |
| FINANCIAL ADVICE AND MANAGEMENT 75 |
| "Good Financial Advice Is Too Expensive For Me To Afford" 75 |
| "I Am Confident That I Can Manage My Own Finances Well" 76 |
| Table 24: The Cost of Financial Advice and Confidence in Managing Finances (% of respondents), 2003 77 |
| ATTITUDES AMONG AND SERVICES FROM BANKS AND BUILDING SOCIETIES 79 |
| "My Bank Or Building Society Treats Me As A Valued Customer" 79 |
| "I Am Happy With The Service Provided By My Bank Or Building Society" 80 |
| Table 25: Opinions of Banks and Building Societies |
| (% of respondents), 2003 81 |
| BANKS' AND BUILDING SOCIETIES' CUSTOMER SERVICE 83 |
| "The Service Provided By My Bank Or Building Society Has Improved Over The Past 2 Years" 83 |
| "I Am Happy To Talk To Bank Staff In Call Centres About |
| My Financial Affairs" 84 |
| Table 26: Opinions on the Customer Service Provided by |
| Banks and Building Societies (% of respondents), 2003 85 |
| INSURERS' POOR REPUTATION FOR CUSTOMER SERVICE 87 |
| "I Am Happy With The Service Provided By Insurance Companies" 87 |
| "The Service Provided By Insurance Companies Has Improved Over The Past 2 Years" 88 |
| Table 27: Customer Service Provided by Insurance Companies (% of respondents), 2003 89 |
| ONLINE BANKING: CONFIDENCE STAGNATES 91 |
| "I Have Full Confidence In Internet Banking" 91 |
| "Advertisements Help Me Decide Which Financial Services To Buy" 92 |
| Table 28: Confidence in Online Banking and the Influence |
| of Financial Advertising (% of respondents), 2003 93 |
| MONEY ADVICE PROGRAMMES AND INVESTMENT IN PROPERTY AS A PENSION 95 |
| "Radio and Television Money Advice Programmes Help Me Decide Which Financial Services To Buy" 95 |
| "Property Is The Best Investment For A Pension" 96 |
| Table 29: Influence of Radio and Television Programmes and Property as a Pension Investment (% of respondents), 2003 97 |
| KEY POINTS 99 |
| 11. Company Profiles 100 |
| INTRODUCTION 100 |
| Table 30: Largest Banks and Insurers in the UK |
| by Market Capitalisation (£bn), 31st December 2000 |
| to 21st November 2003 100 |
| ABBEY NATIONAL PLC 101 |
| Corporate Strategy 101 |
| Advertising 102 |
| Distribution 102 |
| Profitability 103 |
| Table 31: Financial Results for Abbey National PLC |
| (£m and number), Years Ending 31st December 2000-2002 103 |
| Table 32: Financial Results for Inscape Investments Ltd |
| (£000 and number), Years Ending 31st December 2000-2002 104 |
| Future Company Developments 104 |
| ALLIANCE & LEICESTER PLC 104 |
| Corporate Strategy 104 |
| Advertising 105 |
| Distribution 105 |
| Profitability 105 |
| Table 33: Financial Results for Alliance & Leicester PLC |
| (£m and number), Years Ending 31st December 2000-2002 106 |
| Future Company Developments 106 |
| AVIVA PLC 106 |
| Corporate Strategy 106 |
| Advertising 107 |
| Distribution 107 |
| Profitability 107 |
| Table 34: Financial Results for Aviva PLC (£m and number), Years Ending 31st December 2000-2002 107 |
| Future Company Developments 108 |
| BARCLAYS PLC 108 |
| Corporate Strategy 108 |
| Advertising 108 |
| Distribution 109 |
| Profitability 109 |
| Table 35: Financial Results for Barclays PLC (£m and number), Years Ending 31st December 2000-2002 109 |
| Future Company Developments 110 |
| HBOS PLC 110 |
| Corporate Strategy 110 |
| Advertising 111 |
| Distribution 111 |
| Profitability 111 |
| Table 36: Financial Results for HBOS PLC (£m and number), Years Ending 31st December 2001 and 2002 111 |
| Future Company Developments 112 |
| HSBC HOLDINGS PLC 112 |
| Corporate Strategy 112 |
| Advertising 113 |
| Distribution 113 |
| Profitability 113 |
| Table 37: Financial Results for HSBC Holdings PLC |
| ($m and number), Years Ending 31st December 2000-2002 113 |
| Future Company Developments 114 |
| LEGAL & GENERAL GROUP PLC 114 |
| Corporate Strategy 114 |
| Advertising 114 |
| Distribution 114 |
| Profitability 115 |
| Table 38: Financial Results for Legal & General Group PLC |
| (£m and number), Years Ending 31st December 2000-2002 115 |
| Future Company Developments 115 |
| LLOYDS TSB GROUP PLC 116 |
| Corporate Strategy 116 |
| Advertising 116 |
| Distribution 116 |
| Profitability 116 |
| Table 39: Financial Results for Lloyds TSB Group PLC |
| (£m and number), Years Ending 31st December 2000-2002 117 |
| Future Company Developments 117 |
| NORTHERN ROCK PLC 117 |
| Corporate Strategy 117 |
| Advertising 118 |
| Distribution 118 |
| Profitability 118 |
| Table 40: Financial Results for Northern Rock PLC |
| (£m and number), Years Ending 31st December 2000-2002 118 |
| Future Company Developments 118 |
| THE POST OFFICE AND NATIONAL SAVINGS 119 |
| PRUDENTIAL PLC 119 |
| Corporate Strategy 119 |
| Advertising 120 |
| Distribution 120 |
| Profitability 120 |
| Table 41: Financial Results for Prudential PLC |
| (£m and number), Years Ending 31st December 2000-2002 120 |
| Future Company Developments 121 |
| ROYAL & SUN ALLIANCE INSURANCE GROUP PLC 121 |
| Corporate Strategy 121 |
| Advertising 121 |
| Distribution 121 |
| Profitability 121 |
| Table 42: Financial Results for Royal & Sun Alliance Insurance Group PLC (£m and number), Years Ending 31st December 2000-2002 122 |
| Future Company Developments 122 |
| THE ROYAL BANK OF SCOTLAND GROUP PLC 122 |
| Corporate Strategy 122 |
| Advertising 123 |
| Distribution 123 |
| Profitability 123 |
| Table 43: Financial Results for The Royal Bank of Scotland Group PLC (£m and number), Years Ending 31st December 2000-2002 124 |
| Future Company Developments 124 |
| STANDARD LIFE 124 |
| Corporate Strategy 124 |
| Advertising 125 |
| Distribution 125 |
| Profitability 125 |
| Future Developments 125 |
| TOWRY LAW PLC 126 |
| Corporate Strategy 126 |
| Advertising 126 |
| Distribution 126 |
| Profitability 126 |
| Table 44: Financial Results for Towry Law PLC |
| (£000 and number), Years Ending 31st December 2000-2002 126 |
| Future Company Developments 127 |
| ZURICH FINANCIAL SERVICES (UKISA) Ltd 127 |
| Corporate Strategy 127 |
| Advertising 127 |
| Distribution 127 |
| Profitability 127 |
| Table 45: Financial Results for Zurich Financial Services (UKISA) Ltd (£m and number), Years Ending 31st December 2000-2002 128 |
| Future Company Developments 128 |
| KEY POINTS 128 |
| 12. The Future 130 |
| STRESSED OUT AND IN DENIAL 130 |
| SAVINGS AND INVESTMENT JOBS UNCERTAIN 131 |
| BUY TO LET: NO PENSIONS PANACEA? 132 |
| GREATER ROLE FOR IFAS 133 |
| THE OUTLOOK FOR WEALTH 134 |
| Table 46: Forecast Net Wealth of the Household Sector |
| in the UK at Current Prices (£bn), 2002-2007 134 |
| Table 47: Forecast Net Wealth of the Household Sector |
| in the UK at Constant 2002 Prices (£bn), 2002-2007 136 |
| Table 48: Estimated Value of Household Sector Wealth |
| in the UK (£bn and £), 31st December 2003 138 |
| Table 49: Forecast Gross Holdings of Savings and Investments |
| in the UK by As and Bs at Constant 2002 Prices (% and £bn), 2003 and 2007 139 |
| WHAT NOW FOR FINANCIAL SERVICES? 140 |
| Rebuilding Confidence 140 |
| Organisations to Watch 140 |
| KEY POINTS 141 |
| 14. Further Sources 143 |
| Associations 143 |
| Publications 143 |
| General Sources 143 |
| Government Publications 143 |
| Other Sources 144 |
| Bonnier Information Sources 145 |
Text © 2004 Key Note
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Last updated by Amanda Porteous November 2004