| MP52183 |
| MAPS : Top Markets G-Z: February 2003 |
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This report covers: Top Markets G-Z
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
| Drawing on proprietary research reports published during the preceding year, this publication provides a sector-by-sector analysis of 20 key markets, including consumer goods & services, financial services, the utilities, selected segments of the retail trade & target demographic markets. Information is provided on market size, trends, shares & segmentation within each product/services market. |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| The Green & Ethical Consumer 18 |
| Definition 18 |
| Criteria of Green and Ethical Consumerism 18 |
| Market TRends 18 |
| The UK Grocery Market 18 |
| Supermarkets and Ethical Trading 18 |
| Genetically-Modified Foods 19 |
| Ethical Trading 19 |
| The Charity Sector 19 |
| Market Size 20 |
| Table 170: The UK Ethical Market by Sector by Value (£000 and %), 1999 and 2000 21 |
| Organic Foods 22 |
| Table 171: The Forecast UK Organic Food Market by Value (£m and index 1999=100), 1999-2003 22 |
| Fairtrade Goods 23 |
| Table 172: The UK Fairtrade Goods Market by Sector by Value (£m), 1998-2001 23 |
| UK Banking 25 |
| Table 173: Number of Banks in the UK†, 1995-1999 25 |
| Bank Branches 25 |
| Rating Banks 26 |
| Table 174: Banks Rated According to Ethical Policy, 1999 and 2001 26 |
| Bank Policy 27 |
| UK Banking and Ethical Alternatives 28 |
| The Car Market 28 |
| Table 175: The UK New Car Market by Value and Volume (£m and 000), 1996-2001 29 |
| Cars and the Environment 29 |
| UK Charity Sector 30 |
| Table 176: Total Combined Income of Registered Charities in England and Wales (number, index 1995=100 and £bn), 1995-1999 30 |
| Cosmetics 30 |
| Table 177: The UK Cosmetics Market by Sector by Value and Market Share (£m at rsp and %), 2000 and 2001 31 |
| Cosmetics And Animal Testing 31 |
| Holidays 32 |
| Table 178: UK GDP and the UK Holiday Market by Volume and Value (£bn, million trips and %), 1997-2001 32 |
| Developments in Ecotourism 34 |
| The Grey Consumer 36 |
| Definition 36 |
| Market tRends 36 |
| Table 179: The UK Population by Age Group (%), 1996-2001 36 |
| Table 180: The UK Population Aged Over 45 by Sex and Age Group (000 and %), 1996 and 2001 37 |
| Table 181: The UK Population Aged Over 45 by Sex and Age Group (% of each age group and 000), 1996 and 2001 38 |
| Figure 52: The UK Population Aged Over 45 by Sex and Age Group (% of each age group), 1996 and 2001 39 |
| Market Size 39 |
| Home and Garden 39 |
| Table 182: Home Ownership of Adults Aged Over 45 (% of respondents), 2002 40 |
| Table 183: Home Ownership With and Without a Mortgage (% of respondents), 2002 41 |
| Housing In Retirement 41 |
| The Consumer 42 |
| Table 184: Spending on Gardening and Home Improvements by Age Group (% of respondents), 2002 43 |
| Looking Good and Staying Healthy 43 |
| Clothing and Appearance 44 |
| Table 185: Attitudes Towards Clothes Available on the High Street and Modern Fashions by Sex and Age (% of respondents), 2001 44 |
| Health and Wellbeing 45 |
| Table 186: Attitudes Towards Diet and Healthy Eating by Sex and Age (% of respondents), 2001 45 |
| Table 187: Spending on Medications by Age (% of respondents), 2002 46 |
| Leisure and Holidays 46 |
| Leisure Time 46 |
| Table 188: Spending on Newspapers or Magazines, and Books by Age Group (% of respondents), 2002 47 |
| Table 189: Spending on CDS, Records or Tapes by Age Group (% of respondents), 2002 48 |
| Holidays 48 |
| Table 190: Spending on Holidays in the UK and Abroad by Age Group (% of respondents), 2002 49 |
| Home Entertainment 50 |
| Definition 50 |
| Market TRends 51 |
| Table 191: UK Household Penetration of Home Entertainment Equipment (% of households), 1999 and 2001 52 |
| Market Size 53 |
| Table 192: The UK Home Entertainment Market by Value by Product Category (£m at rsp and %), 1997-2002 53 |
| Television and Video 54 |
| Colour Televisions 54 |
| Table 193: The UK Market for Colour Televisions by Value and Volume (£m at rsp, 000 units and index 1997=100), 1997-2002 55 |
| Figure 53: The UK Market for Colour Televisions by Value (£m at rsp), 1997-2002 55 |
| Table 194: The UK Market for Colour Televisions by Volume by Type (000 units), 1997-2002 56 |
| Video Players and Recorders 56 |
| Table 195: The UK Market for VCRs by Value and Volume (£m at rsp, 000 units and index 1997=100), 1997-2002 57 |
| Figure 54: The UK Market for VCRs by Value (£m at rsp), 1997-2002 58 |
| Table 196: The UK Market for DVD Players by Value and Volume (£m at rsp, 000 units and index 1998=100), 1998-2002 59 |
| Figure 55: The UK Market for DVD Players by Value (£m at rsp), 1998-2002 60 |
| Audio Equipment 61 |
| Table 197: The UK Market for Audio Equipment by Value by Product Category (£m at rsp and %), 1997-2002 61 |
| Personal Computers and Games Consoles 62 |
| Personal Computers 62 |
| Table 198: The UK Market for Home Personal Computers by Value and Volume (£m at rsp, 000 units and index 1997=100), 1997-2002 63 |
| Figure 56: The UK Market for Home Personal Computers by Value (£m at rsp), 1997-2002 63 |
| Games Consoles 64 |
| Table 199: The UK Market for Games Consoles by Value and Volume (£m at rsp, 000 units and index 1997=100), 1997-2002 64 |
| Figure 57: The UK Market for Games Consoles by Value (£m at rsp), 1997-2002 65 |
| Distribution 66 |
| Television and Videos 66 |
| Table 200: UK Distribution of Television Sets by Retailer by Volume (%), 1997, 1999 and 2001 66 |
| Table 201: UK Distribution of VCRs and DVD Players/Recorders by Retailer by Volume (%), 1997, 1999 and 2001 67 |
| Audio Equipment 67 |
| Table 202: UK Distribution of Audio Products by Retailer by Volume (%), 1997, 1999 and 2001 68 |
| Personal Computers and Games Consoles 68 |
| Table 203: UK Distribution of PCs by Retailer by Volume (%), 1997, 1999 and 2001 68 |
| Table 204: UK Distribution of Games Consoles by Retailer by Volume (%), 1997, 1999 and 2001 69 |
| Hot Beverages 70 |
| Definition 70 |
| Instant and Ground Coffees 70 |
| Bagged, Loose and Instant Teas 70 |
| Fruit and Herb Teas 70 |
| Instant and Traditional Hot Chocolate and Malted Drinks 70 |
| Market Size 71 |
| The Overall Hot Beverages Market 71 |
| Table 205: The UK Hot Beverages Market by Sector by Value (£m and %), 1997-2000/2001 71 |
| Tea 72 |
| Table 206: The UK Tea Market by Main Sectors by Value and Volume (£m, % and 000t), 1997-2000/2001 72 |
| Table 207: The UK Tea Bag Market by Sector by Value (£m and %), 1997-2000/2001 73 |
| Table 208: The UK Loose Tea Market by Type (£m and %), 1997-2000/2001 74 |
| Table 209: The UK Fruit and Herb Tea Market (£m and %), 1997-2000/2001 74 |
| Coffee 75 |
| Table 210: The UK Coffee Market by Sector by Value and Volume (£m, % and 000t), 1997-2000/2001 75 |
| Table 211: The UK Coffee Market by Sector by Value (£m and %), 1997-2000/2001 76 |
| Food Drinks 76 |
| Table 212: The UK Food Drinks Market by Main Sectors by Value and Volume (£m, % and 000t), 1997-2000/2001 77 |
| Table 213: The UK Hot Chocolate and Malted Drinks Market by Form (£m and %), 1997-2000/2001 78 |
| Table 214: The UK Instant and Traditional Hot Beverages Market by Sector by Value (£m and %), 1997-2000/2001 78 |
| Market Share 79 |
| Tea 79 |
| Table 215: The UK Tea Market by Manufacturer's Share (%), 1998-2000/2001 80 |
| Coffee 80 |
| Table 216: The UK Coffee Market by Manufacturers' Shares (%), 1998-2000/2001 81 |
| Food Drinks 81 |
| Table 217: The UK Hot Chocolate and Malted Drinks Market by Manufacturers' Shares (%), 1998-2000/2001 82 |
| Distribution 82 |
| Table 218: Sales of Tea by Major Retailers (% share), 2000 83 |
| Table 219: Shares of Hot Beverages Sales by Outlet Type (%), 1998-2000 84 |
| Insurance Prospects 85 |
| Definition 85 |
| Market Size 85 |
| Table 220: Market Capitalisation of Leading UK Banks and Insurers (£m and %), 1997-2002 86 |
| Table 221: Leading Insurers and Banks in the UK by Pre-Tax Profits and Directors' Remuneration (£m and %), 2000 and 2001 88 |
| Advertising 89 |
| The Consumer 89 |
| Bancassurance Alliances 90 |
| Back to Basics in Advertising 91 |
| Overview 91 |
| Table 222: Main Media Advertising Expenditure on Insurance and All Financial Advertising (£000), Years Ending March 2001 and 2002 91 |
| Figure 58: Main Media Advertising Expenditure on Insurance and All Financial Advertising (£000), Years Ending March 2001 and 2002 92 |
| Successful Sectors: How and Why 92 |
| Accident and Health Insurance 92 |
| Pecuniary Loss Makes a Modest Profit 93 |
| Annuities for Long-Term Care 93 |
| Growth from Equity Release 93 |
| Issues and Challenges in the UK Life Assurance Market 96 |
| Definition 96 |
| Market TRends 96 |
| Market Size 96 |
| Market Sectors Covered 96 |
| Table 223: Net Premiums From Long-Term Business (£bn), 2000 97 |
| Table 224: Long-Term Benefits Paid (£bn), 2000 97 |
| Current Status of the Market 98 |
| Stock Markets' Performance Affects Insurance Companies 98 |
| Table 225: The Top Ten Life Insurers by Market Share (£m and %), Year End 2000 99 |
| Life Insurance 99 |
| Single Premiums See High Level of Growth 99 |
| Personal Pensions See Fluctuations in Growth 100 |
| Table 226: UK Life-Insurance Net Premium Income by Value (£m), 1996-2000 100 |
| Occupational Pensions 101 |
| Table 227: Long-Term Net Premium Income From Occupational Pensions (£m), 1996-2000 102 |
| Personal And Stakeholder Pensions 102 |
| Table 228: Long-Term Net Premium Income from Individual Pensions (£m), 1996-2000 103 |
| Unit-Linked Policies 103 |
| A Range of Unit-Linked Plans Available 104 |
| Annuities 105 |
| Table 229: Sources of New Single Pension Annuities and Income-Drawdown Premiums (%), 1998-2000 106 |
| Individual Pension Accounts 106 |
| Self-Invested Personal Pensions 107 |
| Market Share 108 |
| Stock Markets' Performance Affects Insurance Companies 108 |
| Table 230: The Top Ten Life Insurers by Market Share (£m and %), Year End 2000 108 |
| Distribution 109 |
| Competitive Structure 109 |
| Table 231: Mergers and Acquisitions in the UK Life-Insurance Industry, 1997-2001 109 |
| Increased Specialism in Market Niches 110 |
| New Regulations to Increase Costs 111 |
| Consumer Demand for Impartial Advice to Remain 111 |
| Independent Financial Advisers 111 |
| Table 232: Number of Financial Advisers in the UK, 2001 112 |
| Figure 59: Number of Financial Advisers in the UK, 2001 112 |
| Financial Advice Market Faces Shakedown 113 |
| Issues in Higher Education Funding 114 |
| Definition 114 |
| Market Size 114 |
| Table 233: Growth in Higher Education in the UK by Sex (000 of all HE students and %), 1970/1971-2000/2001 114 |
| Figure 60: Growth in Higher Education in the UK by Sex (000 of all HE students), 1970/1971-2000/2001 115 |
| Table 234: Growth in Undergraduate Education in the UK by Sex by Type of Study (000 of undergraduate students and %), 1970/1971-2000/2001 116 |
| Table 235: Growth in Postgraduate Education in the UK by Sex by Type of Study (000 of postgraduate students and %), 1970/1971-2000/2001 117 |
| Table 236: UK Residents with a Higher Education Qualification by Sex by Ethnic Group (%), 1999/2000 118 |
| Table 237: Number of New Entrants into Higher Education in the UK by Degree by Type of Study, 2000/2001 119 |
| Table 238: Number of Degrees Awarded in the UK by Degree by Sex, 1999/2000 120 |
| Funding for Institutions 120 |
| Pivotal Role of Funding Councils 120 |
| Table 239: Current and Capital Public Spending on the Provision of Higher Education in the UK by Type of Education by Central and Local Government (£m), 1999/2000 122 |
| Table 240: Public Spending on Student Support in the UK by Type by Source of Spending (£m), 1999/2000 124 |
| Table 241: Sources of Income for Higher Education Institutions in England (% and £m), 1994/1995-2004/2005 125 |
| Figure 61: Sources of Income for Higher Education Institutions in England (%), 1994/1995-2004/2005 126 |
| Funding for Graduates and Undergraduates 127 |
| Table 242: Take-Up of Student Loans in the UK by Number and Value of Loans and Population (000, £m, £ and %), 1990/1991-2000/2001 127 |
| Men and Women's Buying Habits 128 |
| Definition 128 |
| Market TRENDS 128 |
| New Developments in the Retail Sector 129 |
| Developments in the Clothing Market and Gender 129 |
| The Car Market 130 |
| Market Size 130 |
| The Car Market 130 |
| Table 243: Sales of New Cars by Value and Volume (£m and 000), 1996-2001 131 |
| The Car Market and Gender 131 |
| Table 244: Car Ownership in the UK (million and number), 1986-2000 131 |
| The White Goods Market 132 |
| Table 245: The UK White Goods Market by Sector by Value (£m and %),1996-2000 132 |
| Table 246: Ownership and Purchase of White Goods by Sex (%), 1998 133 |
| The Brown Goods Market 134 |
| Table 247: UK Brown Goods Market by Sector by Value (£m and %), 1995-2001 134 |
| Table 248: Ownership and Purchase of Selected Brown Goods by Sex (%), 2001 135 |
| The Mobile Phone Market 136 |
| Table 249: The UK Cellular Telecommunications Market by Value (£bn), 1997-2001 137 |
| Table 250: Mobile Phone Ownership by Sex (%), 2001 137 |
| Table 251: Monthly Expenditure on Mobile Phones (£ and %), 2001 138 |
| The Home PC Market 138 |
| Table 252: The UK Home PC Market by Volume and Value at Current Prices (index 1995=100, 000 and £m), 1996-2000 138 |
| Medical and Health Insurance 140 |
| Definition 140 |
| Long-Term Insurance 140 |
| General Insurance 140 |
| Market Size 141 |
| Premium Income 141 |
| Table 253: UK Insurance — Net Premium Income by Value (£bn and %), 2000 141 |
| Benefits Paid 142 |
| Table 254: UK Insurance — Benefits Paid by Value (£bn), 2000 142 |
| Distribution 142 |
| Leading Insurers 142 |
| Table 255: Leading UK Insurers and Banks by Pre-Tax Profits (£m), 2000 143 |
| Men's Toiletries and Cosmetics 144 |
| Definition 144 |
| Market Size 144 |
| Table 256: The UK Men's Toiletries and Fragrances Market by Sector by Value (£m and index 1997=100), 1997-2001 145 |
| Men's Toiletries 145 |
| Table 257: The UK Men's Toiletries Market by Sector by Market Share by Value (£m and %), 1999 and 2001 146 |
| Men's Fragrances 146 |
| Table 258: The UK Men's Fragrances Market by Sector by Market Share by Value (£m and %), 1999 and 2001 146 |
| Market Share 147 |
| Table 259: The UK Men's Toiletries and Fragrances Market by Sector by Market Share (%), 1997-2001 147 |
| Figure 62: The UK Men's Toiletries and Fragrances Market by Sector by Market Share (%), 1997-2001 147 |
| Millennium Youth 148 |
| Definition 148 |
| Market TRends 148 |
| Changing Household Structure 148 |
| Education 148 |
| Examinations and Assessments 148 |
| Employers' Attitude to Education 149 |
| Market Size 149 |
| Table 260: UK Population Projections by Sex by Age (%), 1961, 1991, 2000, 2011 and 2025 150 |
| Table 261: UK Population Projection of the M-Generation by Age (000 and %), 1997, 2000, 2002 and 2005 151 |
| Buying Own Music 151 |
| Buying Own Computer Games and Magazines 151 |
| Teenage Online-Spending Patterns 152 |
| The Impact Of Expenditure On Mobile Telephones 152 |
| Television and Video Ownership and Viewing Patterns 152 |
| Table 262: Percentage of Children with a Television or Video in Their Own Room by Gender by Age (%), 2001 153 |
| Figure 63: Percentage of Children with a Television or Video in Their Own Room by Gender by Age (%), 2001 153 |
| Music Equipment Ownership 153 |
| Table 263: Ownership of Music Equipment and CDs/Albums (%), 2002 154 |
| Figure 64: Ownership of Music Equipment and CDs/Albums (%), 2002 154 |
| Computers and Games Machines in the Home 155 |
| Table 264: Percentage of Children Having a Personal Computer or Games Machine at Home by Gender by Age (%), 1999 155 |
| Figure 65: Percentage of Children Having a Personal Computer or Games Machine at Home by Gender by Age (%), 1999 155 |
| The Mobile Telephone Market 156 |
| The M-Generation Clothing Market 156 |
| Table 265: The UK Clothing Market for 15 to 24 Year-Olds by Sector by Value at Current Prices (£m), 1997-2002 156 |
| Non-Food Sales in Supermarkets 157 |
| Definition 157 |
| Background 157 |
| Extent of Products and Services 157 |
| The Effect on Suppliers and Other Traders 157 |
| Possible Threats 158 |
| Potential for Growth 158 |
| Market tRends 158 |
| Home Delivery 158 |
| Grey-Market Imports 159 |
| Opening Hours 160 |
| Resale Price Maintenance 161 |
| National Minimum Wage 161 |
| Loyalty Schemes 161 |
| Investigation into Profiteering 162 |
| Planning Restrictions 162 |
| Development, Characteristics and Trends 163 |
| Market Size 164 |
| Total Retail Sales Values 164 |
| Table 266: Consumer Expenditure on Selected Products by Value at Current Prices (£m), 1999 and 2000 164 |
| Table 267: Consumer Expenditure on Selected Products by Value at Current Prices (£m and %), Third Quarter 2000 and 2001 165 |
| Non-Food Sales Value Attributable To Grocery Multiples 166 |
| Cleaning Products 166 |
| Clothing and Footwear 166 |
| Health-and-Beauty Products 166 |
| Table 268: Top Health-and-Beauty Markets in Multiple Grocers by Value (£m and %), 1999 and 2000 167 |
| Table 269: Health-and-Beauty Markets in Multiple Grocers Showing Strongest Growth (£m and %), 1999 and 2000 168 |
| Stationery 168 |
| Market Share 168 |
| Supermarkets' Estimated Share of Selected Non-Food Items 168 |
| Table 270: Supermarkets' Share of the Distribution of Certain Non-Food Items by Value (%), 2001 169 |
| Organic Food 170 |
| Definition 170 |
| Market TRends 171 |
| Market Size 171 |
| The Organic Foods Retail Market 171 |
| Table 271: The UK Organic-Foods Market by Retail Value (£m and %), May-April 1993/1994-2001/2002 172 |
| Figure 66: The UK Organic-Foods Market by Retail Value (£m), May-April 1993/1994-2001/2002 173 |
| The Organic Foods Market By Sector 173 |
| Table 272: The UK Organic-Foods Market by Sector by Value and Market Share (£m and %), May-April 1998/1999-2001/2002 174 |
| Figure 67: The UK Organic-Foods Market by Sector by Value and Market Share (£m), May-April 1998/1999-2001/2002 175 |
| Fruit and Vegetables 176 |
| Dairy Products 177 |
| Multi-Ingredient Products 179 |
| Cereals and Baked Goods 180 |
| Baby Foods 182 |
| Meat and Meat Products 183 |
| Hot and Cold Beverages 184 |
| Eggs 185 |
| The Organic Import Market 185 |
| The Organic-Foods Market At Farm Gate Prices 186 |
| Table 273: UK Organic Foods Sales at Farm Gate Prices by Sector by Value and Market Share (£m and %), Years May to April 1999/2000 and 2000/2001 187 |
| Distribution 188 |
| Retail Sales 188 |
| Table 274: UK Organic Foods Retail Sales by Type of Outlet by Value and Market Share (£m and %), 1999/2000-2001/2002 189 |
| Other Forms Of Distribution 190 |
| Over-40s Consumer 193 |
| Definition 193 |
| Market Size 193 |
| Table 275: UK Population by Age (000 and %), 1990-2004 193 |
| The Median Income 194 |
| Table 276: Distribution of Median Income in the UK by Age (000 and £m), 1997-1998 195 |
| Clothing 195 |
| Diet, Wellbeing and Health 195 |
| Food and Beverages 196 |
| Table 277: The UK Functional Foods and Beverages Market by Sector by Value (£m and %), 1999-2005 196 |
| Self-Care 198 |
| Table 278: Penetration of Vitamins and Other Supplements by Frequency and Age (%), 2001 198 |
| Travel and Leisure 198 |
| Overseas Residents Travelling to the UK 199 |
| Table 279: Visits and Spending by Overseas Residents by Age Group (000 and £m), 2001 199 |
| UK Residents Travelling Abroad 201 |
| Table 280: Visits and Spending by UK Residents by Age Group (000 and £m), 2000 201 |
| The Cruise Industry 202 |
| Table 281: Breakdown of Age of Cruise Passengers in North America (%), 1992 and 2000 202 |
| Alternative Holidays 202 |
| Savings and Investments 204 |
| Definition 204 |
| What is Saving? 204 |
| What is Investment? 204 |
| Market Size 206 |
| Current Status of the Market 206 |
| Total Industry Value and Growth 206 |
| Market with Highest Growth Rate 207 |
| Market with Lowest Growth Rate 207 |
| Household Savings 207 |
| Table 282: UK Savings and Investments by Sector (% of GDP), 1998-2001 207 |
| Figure 68: UK Savings and Investments by Sector (% of GDP), 1998-2001 209 |
| Bank Savings 209 |
| Table 283: Personal-Sector Liquid Assets by Deposits with Banks (£m and %), 1999-2001 210 |
| Building Society Savings 210 |
| Table 284: Personal-Sector Liquid Assets by Deposits with Building Societies (£m and %), 1999-2001 210 |
| National Savings and Government Bonds 211 |
| Table 285: Personal-Sector Liquid Assets by National Savings Deposits (£m and %), 1999-2001 211 |
| ISAs, PEPs and TESSAs 211 |
| Table 286: Inflows to TESSAs and ISAs (£m), 1998-2001 212 |
| Investments and Equities 212 |
| Unit Trusts 213 |
| Table 287: UK Unit Trust Total Funds Under Management by Top Ten Companies (% and £), December 2001 213 |
| Open-Ended Investment Companies 213 |
| Table 288: Top Ten UK OEIC Funds Under Management by Value and Market Share (£ and %), December 2001 214 |
| Figure 69: Top Ten UK OEIC Funds Under Management by Value and Market Share (£ and %), December 2001 215 |
| Table 289: Unit Trusts by Value of Funds (£m and index 1994=100), 1994-2001 215 |
| Figure 70: Unit Trusts by Value of Funds (£m and index 1994=100), 1994-2001 216 |
| Investment Trusts 217 |
| Table 290: Top 13 UK Investment Trust Funds by Total Assets and Market Share (£m and %), 31st December 2001 217 |
| Figure 71: Top 13 UK Investment Trust Funds byMarket Share (%), 31st December 2001 218 |
| Bonds and Exotic Products 218 |
| Venture-Capital Trusts and Enterprise-Investment Schemes 219 |
| Saving Trends in the Eurozone 220 |
| Definition 220 |
| Market Size 220 |
| Table 291: The EU Population by Country (million and %), 1996 and 2002 221 |
| Incomes More Equal In The North Than The South 221 |
| Table 292: Income Ratio Between Quintile with Highest Incomes and Quintile with Lowest Incomes, 1995 and 1998 222 |
| Belgium 223 |
| Table 293: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of Belgium and the UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 223 |
| Summary 225 |
| France 225 |
| Table 294: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of France and the UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 226 |
| Summary 227 |
| Germany 228 |
| A Little Older, A Little Poorer But Still In Control 228 |
| Table 295: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of Germany and the UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 229 |
| Summary 230 |
| Italy 231 |
| Table 296: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of Italy and UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 232 |
| Summary 233 |
| The Netherlands 233 |
| Economy Slows Down 234 |
| Table 297: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of the Netherlands and the UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 235 |
| Summary 236 |
| Spain 237 |
| Table 298: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of Spain and the UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 238 |
| Summary 240 |
| The Slimming Market 241 |
| Definition 241 |
| Market TRends 241 |
| Reduced-Fat, Low-Fat And Fat-free Products 241 |
| New Products and Ranges 241 |
| Relaunches 242 |
| Controversies 242 |
| Low-Sugar, Reduced Sugar And Sugar-Free Products 243 |
| Other Slimming Products 243 |
| Market Size 244 |
| Table 299: The UK Slimming Market by Value (£m at rsp), 1997-2001 244 |
| Figure 72: The UK Slimming Market by Value (£m at rsp), 1997-2001 245 |
| Reduced-Fat, Low-Fat And Fat-Free Products 245 |
| Cakes and Biscuits 245 |
| Dairy Products 245 |
| Table 300: Per Capita Consumption of Selected Standard and Reduced-Fat Dairy Products by Volume (g/ml per week), 1988 and 1998-2000 246 |
| Table 301: The UK Market for Reduced-Fat, Low-Fat and Fat-Free Foods by Value and Market Share (£m at rsp and %), 2001 247 |
| Low-Sugar, Reduced Sugar And Sugar-Free Products 247 |
| Artificial Sweeteners 247 |
| Cakes, Biscuits and Cereals 247 |
| Confectionery 248 |
| Soft Drinks 248 |
| Table 302: Per Capita Consumption of Low-Calorie and Standard Soft Drinks by Volume (ml per week), 1988 and 1998-2000 249 |
| Table 303: The UK Market for Low-Sugar, Reduced-Sugar and Sugar-Free Products by Value and Market Share (£m at rsp and %), 2001 249 |
| Other Slimming Products 250 |
| Meal Replacements 250 |
| Appetite Controllers and Suppressants 250 |
| Physical Slimming Methods 251 |
| Slimming Clubs 251 |
| Small Businesses and Banks 253 |
| Definition 253 |
| Table 304: DTI Definition of SMEs (number of employees), 2001 253 |
| Table 305: Companies Act Definition of SMEs (£m and number of employees), 2001 253 |
| Table 306: European Commission Definition of SMEs (mm, number of employees and %), 2001 254 |
| Market TRends 254 |
| Market Size 255 |
| SMEs 255 |
| Table 307: Number of SMEs in the UK (million), 1980-2000 255 |
| Micro-Businesses 256 |
| Trade Finance 256 |
| Table 308: Estimated Number of Exporters in the UK by Turnover by Sector (£000 and £m), 1994 256 |
| Banks And Small Exporter Advice 257 |
| Table 309: Businesses Using Banks for Advice by Turnover (£m and %), 2001 257 |
| Table 310: Bank Trade Finance Advice by Source (%), 2001 258 |
| Table 311: Number of Banks Used for International Services by Turnover (£m), 2001 258 |
| Market Share 259 |
| Table 312: Sources of External Finance for SMEs (%), 1987-1990, 1995-1997 and 1997-1999 259 |
| SMEs 260 |
| Table 313: Profit Margins† of UK SMEs by Sector and Type (median values), 1991 and 1997 260 |
| Banks 261 |
| Table 314: Market Share of Small-Business Main Accounts by Bank (%), 1992,1999 and 2001 261 |
| Sweet and Salty Snacks 262 |
| Definition 262 |
| Salty Snacks 262 |
| Crisps 262 |
| Savoury Snacks 262 |
| Snack Nuts 263 |
| Sweet Snacks 263 |
| Chocolate Countlines 263 |
| Chocolate-Biscuit Countlines 263 et 138 |
| Table 252: The UK Home PC Market by Volume and Value at Current Prices (index 1995=100, 000 and £m), 1996-2000 138 |
| Medical and Health Insurance 140 |
| Definition 140 |
| Long-Term Insurance 140 |
| General Insurance 140 |
| Market Size 141 |
| Premium Income 141 |
| Table 253: UK Insurance — Net Premium Income by Value (£bn and %), 2000 141 |
| Benefits Paid 142 |
| Table 254: UK Insurance — Benefits Paid by Value (£bn), 2000 142 |
| Distribution 142 |
| Leading Insurers 142 |
| Table 255: Leading UK Insurers and Banks by Pre-Tax Profits (£m), 2000 143 |
| Men's Toiletries and Cosmetics 144 |
| Definition 144 |
| Market Size 144 |
| Table 256: The UK Men's Toiletries and Fragrances Market by Sector by Value (£m and index 1997=100), 1997-2001 145 |
| Men's Toiletries 145 |
| Table 257: The UK Men's Toiletries Market by Sector by Market Share by Value (£m and %), 1999 and 2001 146 |
| Men's Fragrances 146 |
| Table 258: The UK Men's Fragrances Market by Sector by Market Share by Value (£m and %), 1999 and 2001 146 |
| Market Share 147 |
| Table 259: The UK Men's Toiletries and Fragrances Market by Sector by Market Share (%), 1997-2001 147 |
| Figure 62: The UK Men's Toiletries and Fragrances Market by Sector by Market Share (%), 1997-2001 147 |
| Millennium Youth 148 |
| Definition 148 |
| Market TRends 148 |
| Changing Household Structure 148 |
| Education 148 |
| Examinations and Assessments 148 |
| Employers' Attitude to Education 149 |
| Market Size 149 |
| Table 260: UK Population Projections by Sex by Age (%), 1961, 1991, 2000, 2011 and 2025 150 |
| Table 261: UK Population Projection of the M-Generation by Age (000 and %), 1997, 2000, 2002 and 2005 151 |
| Buying Own Music 151 |
| Buying Own Computer Games and Magazines 151 |
| Teenage Online-Spending Patterns 152 |
| The Impact Of Expenditure On Mobile Telephones 152 |
| Television and Video Ownership and Viewing Patterns 152 |
| Table 262: Percentage of Children with a Television or Video in Their Own Room by Gender by Age (%), 2001 153 |
| Figure 63: Percentage of Children with a Television or Video in Their Own Room by Gender by Age (%), 2001 153 |
| Music Equipment Ownership 153 |
| Table 263: Ownership of Music Equipment and CDs/Albums (%), 2002 154 |
| Figure 64: Ownership of Music Equipment and CDs/Albums (%), 2002 154 |
| Computers and Games Machines in the Home 155 |
| Table 264: Percentage of Children Having a Personal Computer or Games Machine at Home by Gender by Age (%), 1999 155 |
| Figure 65: Percentage of Children Having a Personal Computer or Games Machine at Home by Gender by Age (%), 1999 155 |
| The Mobile Telephone Market 156 |
| The M-Generation Clothing Market 156 |
| Table 265: The UK Clothing Market for 15 to 24 Year-Olds by Sector by Value at Current Prices (£m), 1997-2002 156 |
| Non-Food Sales in Supermarkets 157 |
| Definition 157 |
| Background 157 |
| Extent of Products and Services 157 |
| The Effect on Suppliers and Other Traders 157 |
| Possible Threats 158 |
| Potential for Growth 158 |
| Market tRends 158 |
| Home Delivery 158 |
| Grey-Market Imports 159 |
| Opening Hours 160 |
| Resale Price Maintenance 161 |
| National Minimum Wage 161 |
| Loyalty Schemes 161 |
| Investigation into Profiteering 162 |
| Planning Restrictions 162 |
| Development, Characteristics and Trends 163 |
| Market Size 164 |
| Total Retail Sales Values 164 |
| Table 266: Consumer Expenditure on Selected Products by Value at Current Prices (£m), 1999 and 2000 164 |
| Table 267: Consumer Expenditure on Selected Products by Value at Current Prices (£m and %), Third Quarter 2000 and 2001 165 |
| Non-Food Sales Value Attributable To Grocery Multiples 166 |
| Cleaning Products 166 |
| Clothing and Footwear 166 |
| Health-and-Beauty Products 166 |
| Table 268: Top Health-and-Beauty Markets in Multiple Grocers by Value (£m and %), 1999 and 2000 167 |
| Table 269: Health-and-Beauty Markets in Multiple Grocers Showing Strongest Growth (£m and %), 1999 and 2000 168 |
| Stationery 168 |
| Market Share 168 |
| Supermarkets' Estimated Share of Selected Non-Food Items 168 |
| Table 270: Supermarkets' Share of the Distribution of Certain Non-Food Items by Value (%), 2001 169 |
| Organic Food 170 |
| Definition 170 |
| Market TRends 171 |
| Market Size 171 |
| The Organic Foods Retail Market 171 |
| Table 271: The UK Organic-Foods Market by Retail Value (£m and %), May-April 1993/1994-2001/2002 172 |
| Figure 66: The UK Organic-Foods Market by Retail Value (£m), May-April 1993/1994-2001/2002 173 |
| The Organic Foods Market By Sector 173 |
| Table 272: The UK Organic-Foods Market by Sector by Value and Market Share (£m and %), May-April 1998/1999-2001/2002 174 |
| Figure 67: The UK Organic-Foods Market by Sector by Value and Market Share (£m), May-April 1998/1999-2001/2002 175 |
| Fruit and Vegetables 176 |
| Dairy Products 177 |
| Multi-Ingredient Products 179 |
| Cereals and Baked Goods 180 |
| Baby Foods 182 |
| Meat and Meat Products 183 |
| Hot and Cold Beverages 184 |
| Eggs 185 |
| The Organic Import Market 185 |
| The Organic-Foods Market At Farm Gate Prices 186 |
| Table 273: UK Organic Foods Sales at Farm Gate Prices by Sector by Value and Market Share (£m and %), Years May to April 1999/2000 and 2000/2001 187 |
| Distribution 188 |
| Retail Sales 188 |
| Table 274: UK Organic Foods Retail Sales by Type of Outlet by Value and Market Share (£m and %), 1999/2000-2001/2002 189 |
| Other Forms Of Distribution 190 |
| Over-40s Consumer 193 |
| Definition 193 |
| Market Size 193 |
| Table 275: UK Population by Age (000 and %), 1990-2004 193 |
| The Median Income 194 |
| Table 276: Distribution of Median Income in the UK by Age (000 and £m), 1997-1998 195 |
| Clothing 195 |
| Diet, Wellbeing and Health 195 |
| Food and Beverages 196 |
| Table 277: The UK Functional Foods and Beverages Market by Sector by Value (£m and %), 1999-2005 196 |
| Self-Care 198 |
| Table 278: Penetration of Vitamins and Other Supplements by Frequency and Age (%), 2001 198 |
| Travel and Leisure 198 |
| Overseas Residents Travelling to the UK 199 |
| Table 279: Visits and Spending by Overseas Residents by Age Group (000 and £m), 2001 199 |
| UK Residents Travelling Abroad 201 |
| Table 280: Visits and Spending by UK Residents by Age Group (000 and £m), 2000 201 |
| The Cruise Industry 202 |
| Table 281: Breakdown of Age of Cruise Passengers in North America (%), 1992 and 2000 202 |
| Alternative Holidays 202 |
| Savings and Investments 204 |
| Definition 204 |
| What is Saving? 204 |
| What is Investment? 204 |
| Market Size 206 |
| Current Status of the Market 206 |
| Total Industry Value and Growth 206 |
| Market with Highest Growth Rate 207 |
| Market with Lowest Growth Rate 207 |
| Household Savings 207 |
| Table 282: UK Savings and Investments by Sector (% of GDP), 1998-2001 207 |
| Figure 68: UK Savings and Investments by Sector (% of GDP), 1998-2001 209 |
| Bank Savings 209 |
| Table 283: Personal-Sector Liquid Assets by Deposits with Banks (£m and %), 1999-2001 210 |
| Building Society Savings 210 |
| Table 284: Personal-Sector Liquid Assets by Deposits with Building Societies (£m and %), 1999-2001 210 |
| National Savings and Government Bonds 211 |
| Table 285: Personal-Sector Liquid Assets by National Savings Deposits (£m and %), 1999-2001 211 |
| ISAs, PEPs and TESSAs 211 |
| Table 286: Inflows to TESSAs and ISAs (£m), 1998-2001 212 |
| Investments and Equities 212 |
| Unit Trusts 213 |
| Table 287: UK Unit Trust Total Funds Under Management by Top Ten Companies (% and £), December 2001 213 |
| Open-Ended Investment Companies 213 |
| Table 288: Top Ten UK OEIC Funds Under Management by Value and Market Share (£ and %), December 2001 214 |
| Figure 69: Top Ten UK OEIC Funds Under Management by Value and Market Share (£ and %), December 2001 215 |
| Table 289: Unit Trusts by Value of Funds (£m and index 1994=100), 1994-2001 215 |
| Figure 70: Unit Trusts by Value of Funds (£m and index 1994=100), 1994-2001 216 |
| Investment Trusts 217 |
| Table 290: Top 13 UK Investment Trust Funds by Total Assets and Market Share (£m and %), 31st December 2001 217 |
| Figure 71: Top 13 UK Investment Trust Funds byMarket Share (%), 31st December 2001 218 |
| Bonds and Exotic Products 218 |
| Venture-Capital Trusts and Enterprise-Investment Schemes 219 |
| Saving Trends in the Eurozone 220 |
| Definition 220 |
| Market Size 220 |
| Table 291: The EU Population by Country (million and %), 1996 and 2002 221 |
| Incomes More Equal In The North Than The South 221 |
| Table 292: Income Ratio Between Quintile with Highest Incomes and Quintile with Lowest Incomes, 1995 and 1998 222 |
| Belgium 223 |
| Table 293: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of Belgium and the UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 223 |
| Summary 225 |
| France 225 |
| Table 294: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of France and the UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 226 |
| Summary 227 |
| Germany 228 |
| A Little Older, A Little Poorer But Still In Control 228 |
| Table 295: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of Germany and the UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 229 |
| Summary 230 |
| Italy 231 |
| Table 296: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of Italy and UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 232 |
| Summary 233 |
| The Netherlands 233 |
| Economy Slows Down 234 |
| Table 297: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of the Netherlands and the UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 235 |
| Summary 236 |
| Spain 237 |
| Table 298: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of Spain and the UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 238 |
| Summary 240 |
| The Slimming Market 241 |
| Definition 241 |
| Market TRends 241 |
| Reduced-Fat, Low-Fat And Fat-free Products 241 |
| New Products and Ranges 241 |
| Relaunches 242 |
| Controversies 242 |
| Low-Sugar, Reduced Sugar And Sugar-Free Products 243 |
| Other Slimming Products 243 |
| Market Size 244 |
| Table 299: The UK Slimming Market by Value (£m at rsp), 1997-2001 244 |
| Figure 72: The UK Slimming Market by Value (£m at rsp), 1997-2001 245 |
| Reduced-Fat, Low-Fat And Fat-Free Products 245 |
| Cakes and Biscuits 245 |
| Dairy Products 245 |
| Table 300: Per Capita Consumption of Selected Standard and Reduced-Fat Dairy Products by Volume (g/ml per week), 1988 and 1998-2000 246 |
| Table 301: The UK Market for Reduced-Fat, Low-Fat and Fat-Free Foods by Value and Market Share (£m at rsp and %), 2001 247 |
| Low-Sugar, Reduced Sugar And Sugar-Free Products 247 |
| Artificial Sweeteners 247 |
| Cakes, Biscuits and Cereals 247 |
| Confectionery 248 |
| Soft Drinks 248 |
| Table 302: Per Capita Consumption of Low-Calorie and Standard Soft Drinks by Volume (ml per week), 1988 and 1998-2000 249 |
| Table 303: The UK Market for Low-Sugar, Reduced-Sugar and Sugar-Free Products by Value and Market Share (£m at rsp and %), 2001 249 |
| Other Slimming Products 250 |
| Meal Replacements 250 |
| Appetite Controllers and Suppressants 250 |
| Physical Slimming Methods 251 |
| Slimming Clubs 251 |
| Small Businesses and Banks 253 |
| Definition 253 |
| Table 304: DTI Definition of SMEs (number of employees), 2001 253 |
| Table 305: Companies Act Definition of SMEs (£m and number of employees), 2001 253 |
| Table 306: European Commission Definition of SMEs (mm, number of employees and %), 2001 254 |
| Market TRends 254 |
| Market Size 255 |
| SMEs 255 |
| Table 307: Number of SMEs in the UK (million), 1980-2000 255 |
| Micro-Businesses 256 |
| Trade Finance 256 |
| Table 308: Estimated Number of Exporters in the UK by Turnover by Sector (£000 and £m), 1994 256 |
| Banks And Small Exporter Advice 257 |
| Table 309: Businesses Using Banks for Advice by Turnover (£m and %), 2001 257 |
| Table 310: Bank Trade Finance Advice by Source (%), 2001 258 |
| Table 311: Number of Banks Used for International Services by Turnover (£m), 2001 258 |
| Market Share 259 |
| Table 312: Sources of External Finance for SMEs (%), 1987-1990, 1995-1997 and 1997-1999 259 |
| SMEs 260 |
| Table 313: Profit Margins† of UK SMEs by Sector and Type (median values), 1991 and 1997 260 |
| Banks 261 |
| Table 314: Market Share of Small-Business Main Accounts by Bank (%), 1992,1999 and 2001 261 |
| Sweet and Salty Snacks 262 |
| Definition 262 |
| Salty Snacks 262 |
| Crisps 262 |
| Savoury Snacks 262 |
| Snack Nuts 263 |
| Sweet Snacks 263 |
| Chocolate Countlines 263 |
| Chocolate-Biscuit Countlines 263 |
| Cereal Bars 263 |
| Cake Bars 263 |
| Market tRends 264 |
| A Greying Population 264 |
| Changing Lifestyles 264 |
| Disposable Incomes 265 |
| Market Size 265 |
| Salty Snacks 265 |
| Retail Sales 265 |
| Table 315: Total Retail Sales of Salty Snacks by Value (£m and %), 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 265 |
| Figure 73: Total Retail Sales of Salty Snacks by Value (£m), 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 266 |
| Market Segmentation 266 |
| Crisps 266 |
| Table 316: Major Crisp Brands by Manufacturer by Value (£m and %), 1999/2000-2001/2002 267 |
| Savoury Snacks 267 |
| Table 317: Major Savoury Snacks Brands by Manufacturer by Value (£m and %), 1999/2000-2001/2002 268 |
| Snack Nuts 269 |
| Table 318: Snack Nuts Brands by Value (£m and %), 1999/2000-2001/2002 269 |
| Sweet Snacks 269 |
| Table 319: Total Retail Sales of Sweet Snacks by Value (£m and %), 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 270 |
| Figure 74: Total Retail Sales of Sweet Snacks by Value (£m), 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 271 |
| Market Segmentation 272 |
| Chocolate Countlines 272 |
| Table 320: Retail Sales of All Chocolate Confectionery and of Chocolate Countlines by Value (£m and %), 1997/1998-2001/2002 273 |
| Chocolate-Biscuit Countlines 273 |
| Table 321: Retail Sales of All Biscuits and of Chocolate Biscuit Countlines (£m and %), 1997/1998-2001/2002 274 |
| Cereal Bars 274 |
| Table 322: Retail Sales of Cereal Bars by Value (£m and %), 1999/2000-2001/2002 275 |
| Cake Bars 275 |
| Table 323: Retail Sales of Cake Bars by Value (£m and %), 1999/2000-2001/2002 276 |
| Market share 276 |
| Salty Snacks 276 |
| Table 324: Major Manufacturers' Shares in Salty Snacks by Value (%), 2001/2002† 277 |
| Sweet Snacks 278 |
| Table 325: Major Manufacturers' Shares in Sweet Snacks by Value (%), 2001 278 |
| Distribution 278 |
| Salty Snacks 279 |
| Table 326: Sales of All Salty Snacks by Distribution Outlet by Value Shares (%), 1999/2000 and 2000/2001 280 |
| Table 327: Sales of Snack Nuts by Broad Distribution Outlet by Value (%), 1998-2000 281 |
| Sweet Snacks 281 |
| Table 328: Sales of Confectionery, Chocolate-Biscuit Countlines and Cereal and Cake Bars by Distribution Outlet by Value (%), 1999/2000 and 2000/2001 282 |
| Vitamins and Supplements 284 |
| Definition 284 |
| Vitamins 284 |
| Fat-Soluble Vitamins 284 |
| Water-Soluble Vitamins 284 |
| Principal Vitamins 285 |
| Vitamin A 285 |
| The B Vitamins 285 |
| Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) 285 |
| Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) 285 |
| Vitamin B3 (Niacin) 286 |
| Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) 286 |
| Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) 286 |
| Other B Vitamins 287 |
| Folic Acid 287 |
| Pantothenic Acid 287 |
| Biotin 287 |
| Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) 287 |
| Vitamin D 288 |
| Vitamin E 288 |
| Vitamin K 288 |
| Principal Minerals 288 |
| Calcium 288 |
| Iodine 289 |
| Iron 289 |
| Zinc 289 |
| Magnesium 289 |
| Selenium 289 |
| Phosphorus 290 |
| Other Supplements 290 |
| Garlic 290 |
| Evening Primrose Oil 290 |
| Fish Oils 290 |
| Ginseng 290 |
| St John's Wort 290 |
| Royal Jelly 290 |
| Others 291 |
| Market Size 291 |
| Table 329: The UK Vitamins, Minerals and Supplements Market by Value (£m and %), 1996-2001 291 |
| Figure 75: The UK Vitamins, Minerals and Supplements Market by Value (£m), 1996-2001 291 |
| Market Segmentation 292 |
| Table 330: The UK Vitamins, Minerals and Supplements Market by Sector by Value (%), 1996-2001 292 |
| Fish Oils 293 |
| Table 331: The UK Fish Oils Market by Value (£m and %), 1996-2001 293 |
| Multivitamins 293 |
| Table 332: The UK Multivitamins Market by Value (£m and %), 1996-2001 294 |
| Single Vitamins 294 |
| Table 333: The UK Single Vitamins Market by Value (£m and %), 1996-2001 295 |
| Evening Primrose Oil 295 |
| Table 334: The UK Evening Primrose Oils Market by Value (£m and %), 1996-2001 295 |
| Minerals and Other Supplements 296 |
| Table 335: The UK Garlic and Other Supplements Market by Value (£m and %), 1996-2001 296 |
| Market Share 297 |
| Distribution 298 |
| Fish Oils 298 |
| Single Vitamins 298 |
| Evening Primrose Oil 298 |
| Minerals and Other Supplements 298 |
| Competitive Structure 299 |
| Specialist Distributors 299 |
| General Distributors 300 |
| Internet-Based Distributors 300et 138 |
| Table 252: The UK Home PC Market by Volume and Value at Current Prices (index 1995=100, 000 and £m), 1996-2000 138 |
| Medical and Health Insurance 140 |
| Definition 140 |
| Long-Term Insurance 140 |
| General Insurance 140 |
| Market Size 141 |
| Premium Income 141 |
| Table 253: UK Insurance — Net Premium Income by Value (£bn and %), 2000 141 |
| Benefits Paid 142 |
| Table 254: UK Insurance — Benefits Paid by Value (£bn), 2000 142 |
| Distribution 142 |
| Leading Insurers 142 |
| Table 255: Leading UK Insurers and Banks by Pre-Tax Profits (£m), 2000 143 |
| Men's Toiletries and Cosmetics 144 |
| Definition 144 |
| Market Size 144 |
| Table 256: The UK Men's Toiletries and Fragrances Market by Sector by Value (£m and index 1997=100), 1997-2001 145 |
| Men's Toiletries 145 |
| Table 257: The UK Men's Toiletries Market by Sector by Market Share by Value (£m and %), 1999 and 2001 146 |
| Men's Fragrances 146 |
| Table 258: The UK Men's Fragrances Market by Sector by Market Share by Value (£m and %), 1999 and 2001 146 |
| Market Share 147 |
| Table 259: The UK Men's Toiletries and Fragrances Market by Sector by Market Share (%), 1997-2001 147 |
| Figure 62: The UK Men's Toiletries and Fragrances Market by Sector by Market Share (%), 1997-2001 147 |
| Millennium Youth 148 |
| Definition 148 |
| Market TRends 148 |
| Changing Household Structure 148 |
| Education 148 |
| Examinations and Assessments 148 |
| Employers' Attitude to Education 149 |
| Market Size 149 |
| Table 260: UK Population Projections by Sex by Age (%), 1961, 1991, 2000, 2011 and 2025 150 |
| Table 261: UK Population Projection of the M-Generation by Age (000 and %), 1997, 2000, 2002 and 2005 151 |
| Buying Own Music 151 |
| Buying Own Computer Games and Magazines 151 |
| Teenage Online-Spending Patterns 152 |
| The Impact Of Expenditure On Mobile Telephones 152 |
| Television and Video Ownership and Viewing Patterns 152 |
| Table 262: Percentage of Children with a Television or Video in Their Own Room by Gender by Age (%), 2001 153 |
| Figure 63: Percentage of Children with a Television or Video in Their Own Room by Gender by Age (%), 2001 153 |
| Music Equipment Ownership 153 |
| Table 263: Ownership of Music Equipment and CDs/Albums (%), 2002 154 |
| Figure 64: Ownership of Music Equipment and CDs/Albums (%), 2002 154 |
| Computers and Games Machines in the Home 155 |
| Table 264: Percentage of Children Having a Personal Computer or Games Machine at Home by Gender by Age (%), 1999 155 |
| Figure 65: Percentage of Children Having a Personal Computer or Games Machine at Home by Gender by Age (%), 1999 155 |
| The Mobile Telephone Market 156 |
| The M-Generation Clothing Market 156 |
| Table 265: The UK Clothing Market for 15 to 24 Year-Olds by Sector by Value at Current Prices (£m), 1997-2002 156 |
| Non-Food Sales in Supermarkets 157 |
| Definition 157 |
| Background 157 |
| Extent of Products and Services 157 |
| The Effect on Suppliers and Other Traders 157 |
| Possible Threats 158 |
| Potential for Growth 158 |
| Market tRends 158 |
| Home Delivery 158 |
| Grey-Market Imports 159 |
| Opening Hours 160 |
| Resale Price Maintenance 161 |
| National Minimum Wage 161 |
| Loyalty Schemes 161 |
| Investigation into Profiteering 162 |
| Planning Restrictions 162 |
| Development, Characteristics and Trends 163 |
| Market Size 164 |
| Total Retail Sales Values 164 |
| Table 266: Consumer Expenditure on Selected Products by Value at Current Prices (£m), 1999 and 2000 164 |
| Table 267: Consumer Expenditure on Selected Products by Value at Current Prices (£m and %), Third Quarter 2000 and 2001 165 |
| Non-Food Sales Value Attributable To Grocery Multiples 166 |
| Cleaning Products 166 |
| Clothing and Footwear 166 |
| Health-and-Beauty Products 166 |
| Table 268: Top Health-and-Beauty Markets in Multiple Grocers by Value (£m and %), 1999 and 2000 167 |
| Table 269: Health-and-Beauty Markets in Multiple Grocers Showing Strongest Growth (£m and %), 1999 and 2000 168 |
| Stationery 168 |
| Market Share 168 |
| Supermarkets' Estimated Share of Selected Non-Food Items 168 |
| Table 270: Supermarkets' Share of the Distribution of Certain Non-Food Items by Value (%), 2001 169 |
| Organic Food 170 |
| Definition 170 |
| Market TRends 171 |
| Market Size 171 |
| The Organic Foods Retail Market 171 |
| Table 271: The UK Organic-Foods Market by Retail Value (£m and %), May-April 1993/1994-2001/2002 172 |
| Figure 66: The UK Organic-Foods Market by Retail Value (£m), May-April 1993/1994-2001/2002 173 |
| The Organic Foods Market By Sector 173 |
| Table 272: The UK Organic-Foods Market by Sector by Value and Market Share (£m and %), May-April 1998/1999-2001/2002 174 |
| Figure 67: The UK Organic-Foods Market by Sector by Value and Market Share (£m), May-April 1998/1999-2001/2002 175 |
| Fruit and Vegetables 176 |
| Dairy Products 177 |
| Multi-Ingredient Products 179 |
| Cereals and Baked Goods 180 |
| Baby Foods 182 |
| Meat and Meat Products 183 |
| Hot and Cold Beverages 184 |
| Eggs 185 |
| The Organic Import Market 185 |
| The Organic-Foods Market At Farm Gate Prices 186 |
| Table 273: UK Organic Foods Sales at Farm Gate Prices by Sector by Value and Market Share (£m and %), Years May to April 1999/2000 and 2000/2001 187 |
| Distribution 188 |
| Retail Sales 188 |
| Table 274: UK Organic Foods Retail Sales by Type of Outlet by Value and Market Share (£m and %), 1999/2000-2001/2002 189 |
| Other Forms Of Distribution 190 |
| Over-40s Consumer 193 |
| Definition 193 |
| Market Size 193 |
| Table 275: UK Population by Age (000 and %), 1990-2004 193 |
| The Median Income 194 |
| Table 276: Distribution of Median Income in the UK by Age (000 and £m), 1997-1998 195 |
| Clothing 195 |
| Diet, Wellbeing and Health 195 |
| Food and Beverages 196 |
| Table 277: The UK Functional Foods and Beverages Market by Sector by Value (£m and %), 1999-2005 196 |
| Self-Care 198 |
| Table 278: Penetration of Vitamins and Other Supplements by Frequency and Age (%), 2001 198 |
| Travel and Leisure 198 |
| Overseas Residents Travelling to the UK 199 |
| Table 279: Visits and Spending by Overseas Residents by Age Group (000 and £m), 2001 199 |
| UK Residents Travelling Abroad 201 |
| Table 280: Visits and Spending by UK Residents by Age Group (000 and £m), 2000 201 |
| The Cruise Industry 202 |
| Table 281: Breakdown of Age of Cruise Passengers in North America (%), 1992 and 2000 202 |
| Alternative Holidays 202 |
| Savings and Investments 204 |
| Definition 204 |
| What is Saving? 204 |
| What is Investment? 204 |
| Market Size 206 |
| Current Status of the Market 206 |
| Total Industry Value and Growth 206 |
| Market with Highest Growth Rate 207 |
| Market with Lowest Growth Rate 207 |
| Household Savings 207 |
| Table 282: UK Savings and Investments by Sector (% of GDP), 1998-2001 207 |
| Figure 68: UK Savings and Investments by Sector (% of GDP), 1998-2001 209 |
| Bank Savings 209 |
| Table 283: Personal-Sector Liquid Assets by Deposits with Banks (£m and %), 1999-2001 210 |
| Building Society Savings 210 |
| Table 284: Personal-Sector Liquid Assets by Deposits with Building Societies (£m and %), 1999-2001 210 |
| National Savings and Government Bonds 211 |
| Table 285: Personal-Sector Liquid Assets by National Savings Deposits (£m and %), 1999-2001 211 |
| ISAs, PEPs and TESSAs 211 |
| Table 286: Inflows to TESSAs and ISAs (£m), 1998-2001 212 |
| Investments and Equities 212 |
| Unit Trusts 213 |
| Table 287: UK Unit Trust Total Funds Under Management by Top Ten Companies (% and £), December 2001 213 |
| Open-Ended Investment Companies 213 |
| Table 288: Top Ten UK OEIC Funds Under Management by Value and Market Share (£ and %), December 2001 214 |
| Figure 69: Top Ten UK OEIC Funds Under Management by Value and Market Share (£ and %), December 2001 215 |
| Table 289: Unit Trusts by Value of Funds (£m and index 1994=100), 1994-2001 215 |
| Figure 70: Unit Trusts by Value of Funds (£m and index 1994=100), 1994-2001 216 |
| Investment Trusts 217 |
| Table 290: Top 13 UK Investment Trust Funds by Total Assets and Market Share (£m and %), 31st December 2001 217 |
| Figure 71: Top 13 UK Investment Trust Funds byMarket Share (%), 31st December 2001 218 |
| Bonds and Exotic Products 218 |
| Venture-Capital Trusts and Enterprise-Investment Schemes 219 |
| Saving Trends in the Eurozone 220 |
| Definition 220 |
| Market Size 220 |
| Table 291: The EU Population by Country (million and %), 1996 and 2002 221 |
| Incomes More Equal In The North Than The South 221 |
| Table 292: Income Ratio Between Quintile with Highest Incomes and Quintile with Lowest Incomes, 1995 and 1998 222 |
| Belgium 223 |
| Table 293: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of Belgium and the UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 223 |
| Summary 225 |
| France 225 |
| Table 294: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of France and the UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 226 |
| Summary 227 |
| Germany 228 |
| A Little Older, A Little Poorer But Still In Control 228 |
| Table 295: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of Germany and the UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 229 |
| Summary 230 |
| Italy 231 |
| Table 296: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of Italy and UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 232 |
| Summary 233 |
| The Netherlands 233 |
| Economy Slows Down 234 |
| Table 297: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of the Netherlands and the UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 235 |
| Summary 236 |
| Spain 237 |
| Table 298: Demography, National Accounts and Employment and Incomes of Spain and the UK (million, %, $bn, $ and r), 1997 and Latest Available Years 238 |
| Summary 240 |
| The Slimming Market 241 |
| Definition 241 |
| Market TRends 241 |
| Reduced-Fat, Low-Fat And Fat-free Products 241 |
| New Products and Ranges 241 |
| Relaunches 242 |
| Controversies 242 |
| Low-Sugar, Reduced Sugar And Sugar-Free Products 243 |
| Other Slimming Products 243 |
| Market Size 244 |
| Table 299: The UK Slimming Market by Value (£m at rsp), 1997-2001 244 |
| Figure 72: The UK Slimming Market by Value (£m at rsp), 1997-2001 245 |
| Reduced-Fat, Low-Fat And Fat-Free Products 245 |
| Cakes and Biscuits 245 |
| Dairy Products 245 |
| Table 300: Per Capita Consumption of Selected Standard and Reduced-Fat Dairy Products by Volume (g/ml per week), 1988 and 1998-2000 246 |
| Table 301: The UK Market for Reduced-Fat, Low-Fat and Fat-Free Foods by Value and Market Share (£m at rsp and %), 2001 247 |
| Low-Sugar, Reduced Sugar And Sugar-Free Products 247 |
| Artificial Sweeteners 247 |
| Cakes, Biscuits and Cereals 247 |
| Confectionery 248 |
| Soft Drinks 248 |
| Table 302: Per Capita Consumption of Low-Calorie and Standard Soft Drinks by Volume (ml per week), 1988 and 1998-2000 249 |
| Table 303: The UK Market for Low-Sugar, Reduced-Sugar and Sugar-Free Products by Value and Market Share (£m at rsp and %), 2001 249 |
| Other Slimming Products 250 |
| Meal Replacements 250 |
| Appetite Controllers and Suppressants 250 |
| Physical Slimming Methods 251 |
| Slimming Clubs 251 |
| Small Businesses and Banks 253 |
| Definition 253 |
| Table 304: DTI Definition of SMEs (number of employees), 2001 253 |
| Table 305: Companies Act Definition of SMEs (£m and number of employees), 2001 253 |
| Table 306: European Commission Definition of SMEs (mm, number of employees and %), 2001 254 |
| Market TRends 254 |
| Market Size 255 |
| SMEs 255 |
| Table 307: Number of SMEs in the UK (million), 1980-2000 255 |
| Micro-Businesses 256 |
| Trade Finance 256 |
| Table 308: Estimated Number of Exporters in the UK by Turnover by Sector (£000 and £m), 1994 256 |
| Banks And Small Exporter Advice 257 |
| Table 309: Businesses Using Banks for Advice by Turnover (£m and %), 2001 257 |
| Table 310: Bank Trade Finance Advice by Source (%), 2001 258 |
| Table 311: Number of Banks Used for International Services by Turnover (£m), 2001 258 |
| Market Share 259 |
| Table 312: Sources of External Finance for SMEs (%), 1987-1990, 1995-1997 and 1997-1999 259 |
| SMEs 260 |
| Table 313: Profit Margins† of UK SMEs by Sector and Type (median values), 1991 and 1997 260 |
| Banks 261 |
| Table 314: Market Share of Small-Business Main Accounts by Bank (%), 1992,1999 and 2001 261 |
| Sweet and Salty Snacks 262 |
| Definition 262 |
| Salty Snacks 262 |
| Crisps 262 |
| Savoury Snacks 262 |
| Snack Nuts 263 |
| Sweet Snacks 263 |
| Chocolate Countlines 263 |
| Chocolate-Biscuit Countlines 263 |
| Cereal Bars 263 |
| Cake Bars 263 |
| Market tRends 264 |
| A Greying Population 264 |
| Changing Lifestyles 264 |
| Disposable Incomes 265 |
| Market Size 265 |
| Salty Snacks 265 |
| Retail Sales 265 |
| Table 315: Total Retail Sales of Salty Snacks by Value (£m and %), 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 265 |
| Figure 73: Total Retail Sales of Salty Snacks by Value (£m), 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 266 |
| Market Segmentation 266 |
| Crisps 266 |
| Table 316: Major Crisp Brands by Manufacturer by Value (£m and %), 1999/2000-2001/2002 267 |
| Savoury Snacks 267 |
| Table 317: Major Savoury Snacks Brands by Manufacturer by Value (£m and %), 1999/2000-2001/2002 268 |
| Snack Nuts 269 |
| Table 318: Snack Nuts Brands by Value (£m and %), 1999/2000-2001/2002 269 |
| Sweet Snacks 269 |
| Table 319: Total Retail Sales of Sweet Snacks by Value (£m and %), 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 270 |
| Figure 74: Total Retail Sales of Sweet Snacks by Value (£m), 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 271 |
| Market Segmentation 272 |
| Chocolate Countlines 272 |
| Table 320: Retail Sales of All Chocolate Confectionery and of Chocolate Countlines by Value (£m and %), 1997/1998-2001/2002 273 |
| Chocolate-Biscuit Countlines 273 |
| Table 321: Retail Sales of All Biscuits and of Chocolate Biscuit Countlines (£m and %), 1997/1998-2001/2002 274 |
| Cereal Bars 274 |
| Table 322: Retail Sales of Cereal Bars by Value (£m and %), 1999/2000-2001/2002 275 |
| Cake Bars 275 |
| Table 323: Retail Sales of Cake Bars by Value (£m and %), 1999/2000-2001/2002 276 |
| Market share 276 |
| Salty Snacks 276 |
| Table 324: Major Manufacturers' Shares in Salty Snacks by Value (%), 2001/2002† 277 |
| Sweet Snacks 278 |
| Table 325: Major Manufacturers' Shares in Sweet Snacks by Value (%), 2001 278 |
| Distribution 278 |
| Salty Snacks 279 |
| Table 326: Sales of All Salty Snacks by Distribution Outlet by Value Shares (%), 1999/2000 and 2000/2001 280 |
| Table 327: Sales of Snack Nuts by Broad Distribution Outlet by Value (%), 1998-2000 281 |
| Sweet Snacks 281 |
| Table 328: Sales of Confectionery, Chocolate-Biscuit Countlines and Cereal and Cake Bars by Distribution Outlet by Value (%), 1999/2000 and 2000/2001 282 |
| Vitamins and Supplements 284 |
| Definition 284 |
| Vitamins 284 |
| Fat-Soluble Vitamins 284 |
| Water-Soluble Vitamins 284 |
| Principal Vitamins 285 |
| Vitamin A 285 |
| The B Vitamins 285 |
| Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) 285 |
| Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) 285 |
| Vitamin B3 (Niacin) 286 |
| Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) 286 |
| Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) 286 |
| Other B Vitamins 287 |
| Folic Acid 287 |
| Pantothenic Acid 287 |
| Biotin 287 |
| Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) 287 |
| Vitamin D 288 |
| Vitamin E 288 |
| Vitamin K 288 |
| Principal Minerals 288 |
| Calcium 288 |
| Iodine 289 |
| Iron 289 |
| Zinc 289 |
| Magnesium 289 |
| Selenium 289 |
| Phosphorus 290 |
| Other Supplements 290 |
| Garlic 290 |
| Evening Primrose Oil 290 |
| Fish Oils 290 |
| Ginseng 290 |
| St John's Wort 290 |
| Royal Jelly 290 |
| Others 291 |
| Market Size 291 |
| Table 329: The UK Vitamins, Minerals and Supplements Market by Value (£m and %), 1996-2001 291 |
| Figure 75: The UK Vitamins, Minerals and Supplements Market by Value (£m), 1996-2001 291 |
| Market Segmentation 292 |
| Table 330: The UK Vitamins, Minerals and Supplements Market by Sector by Value (%), 1996-2001 292 |
| Fish Oils 293 |
| Table 331: The UK Fish Oils Market by Value (£m and %), 1996-2001 293 |
| Multivitamins 293 |
| Table 332: The UK Multivitamins Market by Value (£m and %), 1996-2001 294 |
| Single Vitamins 294 |
| Table 333: The UK Single Vitamins Market by Value (£m and %), 1996-2001 295 |
| Evening Primrose Oil 295 |
| Table 334: The UK Evening Primrose Oils Market by Value (£m and %), 1996-2001 295 |
| Minerals and Other Supplements 296 |
| Table 335: The UK Garlic and Other Supplements Market by Value (£m and %), 1996-2001 296 |
| Market Share 297 |
| Distribution 298 |
| Fish Oils 298 |
| Single Vitamins 298 |
| Evening Primrose Oil 298 |
| Minerals and Other Supplements 298 |
| Competitive Structure 299 |
| Specialist Distributors 299 |
| General Distributors 300 |
| Internet-Based Distributors 300 |
Text © 2003 Key Note
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Last updated by Amanda Porteous 2003
