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KEY NOTE FURTHER AND HIGHER EDUCATION : June 2002

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This report covers: sixth-form colleges, tertiary-education colleges, further-education colleges, higher-education colleges, specialist colleges, adult-education colleges, privately owned independent colleges of education, universities, distance learning organisations,

Universities & covered include: Aberdeen, Bath, Birmingham, Bristol, Cambridge, Durham, Edinburgh, Essex, Glasgow, Leeds, Liverpool, London, Manchester, Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nottingham, Oxford, Reading, St Andrews, Sheffield, Southampton, Warwick, York, Abertay, Dundee, Hertfordshire, Kingston, Northumbria at Newcastle, Trent, Oxford Brookes, Plymouth, Portsmouth, The Robert Gordon University, Sheffield Hellam, West of England, Henley College (Home Study Unit) Coventry, Henley Management College, International Correspondence Schools, Mercers, National Extension COllege, The Open College, The Open College of the Arts, The Open University, Rapid Results College, Wolsey Hall, Buckingham, East London, Greenwich, Luton, Middlesex University, North London, Paisley, South Bank, Thames Valley, University of Wales, Lampeter,

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This report looks at further and higher education in the UK. These two sectors include nine kinds of institution: sixth-form colleges; tertiary-education colleges; further-education colleges; higher-education colleges and institutes; specialist colleges; adult-education colleges; privately-owned independent colleges of education; universities; and distance-learning organisations. In total, there are around 700 such institutions in the UK (excluding adult-education colleges).

In 2001/2002, there were around 4.8 million students in further education and 2.1 million in higher education. In the same year, Key Note estimates total expenditure by the higher-education sector at £13.5bn, and combined expenditure on further education and training at £6bn. (Government figures now bracket further education and training together.)

The majority of students in the higher-education sector are full-time first-degree students. In further education, there is a much broader mix, including a large number of part-time and mature students. The number of overseas students is rising, particularly in higher education. Almost every university is taking an increasing proportion of its students from overseas. Foreign students account for between 10% and 15% of first-degree students at many of the leading universities, and at some institutions the figure is much higher.

Oxford, Cambridge and Imperial College (London) remain at the pinnacle of the university system. Bath, the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), Warwick, Bristol, York, Nottingham and St Andrews also feature strongly in the latest university league table compiled by The Times. However, it is important to recognise that all university league tables are based on a number of criteria, of which research is a key component. Judged on their teaching alone, some universities may have an excellent record, but they may be ranked well below others of a similar standard.

The current concerns of the further and higher education sector are: funding, increasing student numbers and widening access. Institutions are trying to raise standards (especially in further education) and their student numbers, but there are major funding worries. For a number of institutions, mergers with similar or complementary institutions are a way out of their difficulties. These mergers are likely to accelerate in the years to come.

By 2005/2006, Key Note estimates that there will be 4.9 million students in further education and 2.2 million in higher education. Expenditure by the two sectors will rise to £8.5bn and £17.2bn respectively.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Executive Summary	1
1. Market Definition	2
REPORT COVERAGE	2
Types of Institution	2
Qualifications	2
MARKET SECTORS	3
Further Education	3
Higher Education	3
MARKET TRENDS	3
Further Education	3
Raising Quality	3
More Support for Colleges
that are Over-Subscribed	3
Increasing Staff Shortages	3
Stronger Relationships
with Universities	3
Higher Education	4
Increased Access	4
Increasing Number of Applications	4
Fall in Science and
Engineering Admissions	4
Rising Debt among Students and Universities	4
MARKET POSITION	4
The UK	4
The World	5
2. Market Size	6
THE TOTAL MARKET	6
Number of Students	6
Table 1: Total Number of Students in Further and Higher Education (000), 1997/1998-2001/2002	6
Funding	7
Table 2: Funding for Further Education and Training and for Higher Education (£bn), 1999/2000-2001/2002	7
Number of Institutions	7
Table 3: Number of Institutions Providing Further and Higher Education in the UK, 1997/1998, 1999/2000 and 2000/2001	8
BY MARKET SECTOR	8
Further Education	8
Higher Education	9
Funding	9
Budget for 2002/2003	9
Unfilled Places	9
Vocational Courses Becoming More Popular	10
Widening Access	10
3. Industry Background	11
RECENT HISTORY	11
NUMBER OF
ORGANISATIONS	11
Sixth-Form Colleges	12
Tertiary-Education Colleges	12
Further-Education Colleges	12
Higher-Education Colleges
and Institutes	12
Specialist Colleges	13
Adult-Education Colleges	13
Privately-Owned Independent Colleges of Education	13
Universities	13
Distance-Learning
Organisations	14
REGIONAL VARIATIONS IN
THE MARKETPLACE	14
HOW ROBUST IS
THE MARKET?	14
KEY INDUSTRY BODIES	15
Association of Colleges	15
Educational Centres
Association	15
Higher Education Funding Councils	15
Learning and Skills Council	15
National Institute of Adult Continuing Education	16
Society for Research into
Higher Education	16
Universities UK	16
4. Competitor Analysis	17
INTRODUCTION	17
SELECTED LEADING PROVIDERS OF FURTHER EDUCATION	17
Table 4: Selected Leading Providers of Further Education in the UK,
2002	17
SELECTED LONG-ESTABLISHED UNIVERSITIES	18
University of Aberdeen	18
University of Bath	19
University of Birmingham	19
University of Bristol	19
University of Cambridge	19
Cardiff University (part of the University of Wales)	20
University of Durham	20
University of Edinburgh	20
University of Essex	21
University of Glasgow	21
Lancaster University	21
University of Leeds	21
University of Liverpool	22
University of London	22
Birkbeck College	22
Goldsmiths College	22
Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine	23
King’s College	23
London School of Economics and Political Science	23
Queen Mary and
Westfield College	24
Royal Holloway and
Bedford College	24
School of Oriental and
African Studies	25
University College	25
Loughborough University	25
University of Manchester	26
University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology	26
University of
Newcastle upon Tyne	26
University of Nottingham	27
University of Oxford	27
University of Reading	27
University of St Andrews	28
University of Sheffield	28
University of Southampton	28
University of Warwick	29
University of York	29
SELECTED
NEWER UNIVERSITIES	29
University of Abertay,
Dundee	30
University of Hertfordshire	30
Kingston University	30
University of Northumbria
at Newcastle	30
Nottingham Trent
University	31
Oxford Brookes University	31
University of Plymouth	31
University of Portsmouth	31
The Robert Gordon
University	32
Sheffield Hallam University	32
University of the
West of England	32
SELECTED OPEN COLLEGES
AND DISTANCE-LEARNING INSTITUTIONS	32
Henley College
(Home Study Unit),
Coventry	32
Henley Management
College	32
International
Correspondence Schools	33
Mercers College	33
National Extension College	33
The Open College	33
The Open College
of the Arts	33
The Open University	33
Rapid Results College	33
Wolsey Hall	34
MAJOR PROVIDERS OF UNIVERSITY EDUCATION TO MATURE STUDENTS	34
Table 5: Major Providers of University Education to Mature Students, 2002	34
University of Buckingham	35
University of East London	35
University of Greenwich	35
University of Luton	35
Middlesex University	35
University of North London	36
University of Paisley	36
South Bank University	36
Thames Valley University	36
University of Wales,
Lampeter	36
PROFESSIONAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION	37
Table 6: Selected Leading Providers of Professional and Vocational Education,
2002	37
SPECIALIST COLLEGES	38
ADULT RESIDENTIAL
COLLEGES	38
SOURCES OF FURTHER INFORMATION	39
5. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities
and Threats	40
STRENGTHS	40
WEAKNESSES	40
OPPORTUNITIES	40
THREATS	41
6. Buying Behaviour	42
INTRODUCTION	42
THE MOST POPULAR
SUBJECTS	42
THE MOST POPULAR UNIVERSITIES	43
Table 7: The Top 20 Universities by Number of Applicants per Place, 2000/2001	43
THE PREFERENCES OF
FOREIGN STUDENTS	44
7. Current Issues	46
FUNDING	46
More Private Funding?	47
THE FUTURE OF
HIGHER EDUCATION	48
CHANGES AT OXBRIDGE	49
MERGERS	49
8. The Global Market	51
GRADUATION RATES	51
Table 8: Net Graduation Rates in Tertiary Education — the Top Ten Countries in the World, 1998	51
EXPENDITURE	52
9. Forecasts	53
INTRODUCTION	53
The Economy	53
FORECASTS 2002/2003
TO 2005/2006	54
Number of Students	54
Table 9: Forecast Total Number of Students in Further and Higher Education (000),
2002/2003-2005/2006	55
Funding	55
Table 10: Forecast Funding for Further Education and Training and for Higher Education (£bn),
2002/2003-2005/2006	55
FUTURE TRENDS	56
Creating Elite Research Institutions	56
Student Fees	57
A Diversity of Funding
and Institutions	57
10. Appendix	59
INTRODUCTION	59
THE TOP UNIVERSITIES	59
The Times Rankings	59
Table 11: The Times’s
Top 20 Universities,
May-02	60
Rankings by Subject	61
Art and Design	61
Business Studies	61
Chemistry	61
Computer Science	62
Communication and
Media Studies	62
English	63
General Engineering	63
Electrical and Electronic Engineering	63
French	64
German	64
History	64
Law	65
Medicine	65
Physics and Astronomy	65
Social Policy	66
The Financial Times
Rankings	66
Table 12: The Financial Times’s Top 20 Universities, May 2002	67
TEACHING PERFORMANCE	68
The Times Rankings	68
Table 13: The Times’s
Top 21 Universities by Teaching Performance,
May-02	68
The Financial Times
Rankings	69
Table 14: The Financial Times’s Top Ten Universities by Teaching Performance, May 2002	69
11. Further Sources	70
Associations	70
Periodicals	73
Directories	74
General Sources	75
Bonnier
Information Sources	76
Government Publications	78
Other Sources	79
Key Note Research	80
The Key Note Range
of Reports	81

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