| KN71013 |
| KEY NOTE EQUIPMENT LEASING : December 2003 |
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This report covers: equipment leasing, plant & machinery, computers & office equipment, cars & trucks, buses & coaches, trains, ships, aircraft, commercial vehicles, property, key trade associations, british Vehicle Rental and Leasing Association Ltd., Finance & Leasing Association, Leasureurope,
Companies covered include: Abbey National Treasury Services, Bank of Scotland Structured Asset Finance, Barclays Asset Finance, DaimlerChrysler Services, FCE Bank, Five Arrows Leasing Group, GE Capital Equipment Finance, HSBC Equipment Finance, Key Equipment Finance, Lloyds TSB Asset Finance Division, Lombards North Central, Rolling-Stock Leasing Companies, Angel Trains, Porterbrook Leasing Company,
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Expenditure on equipment leasing in the UK increased by an estimated 4.9 percent in 2002, to £27.44bn. Since 1998, the market has grown in value by 13.3 percent. Over the same period, total gross domestic fixed capital formation (GDFCF) increased by an estimated 10.6 percent and business investment by an estimated 10.1 percent.
Despite the many advantages that leasing offers to the wide range of industries and institutions that make use of this service, growth rates could be improved by more positive tax benefits for lessees, which would make leasing more attractive to potential customers. In recent years, the Inland Revenue has reduced the tax benefits to lessors and lessees, and this has depressed the value of business obtained.
Most UK lessors are subsidiaries of domestic and foreign banks, but also operating in the leasing market are the financial subsidiaries of large manufacturers, e.g. General Electric Co. (US), which are funded by the parent companies, and the financial subsidiaries of motor manufacturers that are dedicated to providing finance for fleet buyers of their cars and trucks. In addition, there are independent operators, which obtain their funds from the money markets. These organisations both arrange and provide the finance for small-ticket, middle-ticket and big-ticket transactions, which range from computers to ships, aircraft and railway rolling stock.
Manufacturing investment has been the poorest-performing sector in the leasing market, reflecting the growing trend among companies in the textile, engineering, chemical and other industries to close factories and plants in the UK and/or relocate their businesses in other countries, such as China. The number of big-ticket deals in the UK is declining, and lessors that were once content to operate mainly in the UK market are now keen to cross borders and arrange international deals, despite the potential extra risks to their investments. Asset finance in the service sector has been fairly buoyant because of the strength of consumer expenditure, but there is now doubt that the high rate of expenditure can be maintained at its current level.
Prospects for leasing companies are directly linked to their clients' own business expectations and how these affect their need to make short-, medium- and long-term investments in new equipment. Lessors have become more cautious about acquiring long-term assets - which tie up large amounts of capital - and leasing them to companies in businesses that have proved to be vulnerable to recession or politics, e.g. ships, aircraft and trains. Leasing to central government and local authorities tends to carry the fewest risks for lessors and these customers are making greater use of leasing for the modernisation of their services and as part of their commitment to private finance initiatives (PFIs) and public/private partnerships (PPPs).
Key Note's forecasts for the leasing industry take into account the high value of such schemes, which are expected to sustain expenditure on equipment. At the same time, expenditure on more conventional developments is forecast to grow more slowly, in parallel with slow growth in gross domestic product (GDP). Between 2003 and 2007, the total value of asset finance is forecast to rise by 15.7 percent.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Executive Summary | |
| 1. Market Definition | |
| REPORT COVERAGE | 2 |
| DEFINITION OF A LEASE | 2 |
| MARKET SECTORS | 3 |
| Types of Lease | 3 |
| Finance Leases | 3 |
| Operating Leases | 3 |
| Contract Hire | |
| Hire Purchase | |
| MARKET TRENDS | 4 |
| MARKET POSITION | 5 |
| The UK | |
| The National Economy | 5 |
| Table 1: Gross Domestic Product at Current and Constant 1995 Prices (£m), 1998-2002 | 5 |
| Total Investment in Fixed Assets | 6 |
| Table 2: Gross Domestic Fixed Capital Formation at Current and Constant 1995 Prices (£m), 1998-2002 | |
| Business Investment | 7 |
| Table 3: Investment in Machinery and Equipment at Current Prices (£m and percent), 1998-2002 | 7 |
| Business Investment and Gross Domestic Fixed Capital Formation | 8 |
| Table 4: Business Investment at Current Prices (£m and percent), 1998-2002 | |
| Overseas | |
| 2. Market Size | |
| THE TOTAL MARKET | 10 |
| Table 5: Estimated Market Size for Asset Finance in the UK by Value at Current Prices (£m), 1998-2002 | 10 |
| Business and Lease Investment | 11 |
| Table 6: Gross Domestic Fixed Capital Formation, Business Investment and Total Asset Finance by Value at Current Prices (£m and percent), 1998-2002 | 11 |
| MARKET SECTORS | 12 |
| By Type of Asset | 12 |
| Table 7: The Value of New Business in Assets Financed by FLA Members by Sector (£m), 1997-2001 | |
| Cars | |
| Equipment | |
| Plant and Machinery | 14 |
| Commercial Vehicles | 14 |
| Aircraft, Ships and Rolling Stock | 15 |
| Property | |
| Other | |
| International Assets | 15 |
| By Industry Sector | 15 |
| Table 8: The Value of New Business in Assets Financed by FLA Members by Industry Sector (£m), 1997-2001 | 16 |
| 3. Industry Background | |
| HISTORICAL BACKGROUND | 17 |
| The Leasing Industry | 17 |
| Finance & Leasing Association Members | |
| NUMBER OF COMPANIES | 18 |
| Table 9: Number of UK VAT-Based Enterprises Engaged in Financial Leasing by Turnover Sizeband (£000), 2002 | |
| REGIONAL VARIATIONS IN THE MARKETPLACE | 19 |
| DISTRIBUTION | 19 |
| HOW ROBUST IS THE MARKET? | 19 |
| LEGISLATION | |
| Accounting Standards | 20 |
| Tax Legislation | 20 |
| KEY TRADE ASSOCIATIONS | 20 |
| British Vehicle Rental and Leasing Association Ltd | 20 |
| Finance & Leasing Association | 21 |
| Leaseurope | |
| 4. Competitor Analysis | |
| THE MARKETPLACE | 22 |
| MARKET LEADERS | 23 |
| Abbey National Treasury Services PLC | |
| Bank of Scotland Structured Asset Finance Ltd | 23 |
| Barclays Asset Finance | 24 |
| DaimlerChrysler Services UK Ltd | 24 |
| FCE Bank PLC | |
| Five Arrows Leasing Group Ltd | 25 |
| GE Capital Equipment Finance Ltd | 26 |
| HSBC Equipment Finance (UK) Ltd | 26 |
| Key Equipment Finance Ltd | 27 |
| Lloyds TSB Asset Finance Division Ltd | |
| Lombard North Central PLC | 28 |
| Rolling-Stock Leasing Companies | 28 |
| Angel Trains Ltd | 29 |
| Porterbrook Leasing Company Ltd | 29 |
| Other Companies | 29 |
| ADVERTISING AND PROMOTION | 30 |
| 5. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats | |
| STRENGTHS | |
| WEAKNESSES | |
| OPPORTUNITIES | 32 |
| THREATS | |
| 6. Buying Behaviour | |
| UK LEASING | |
| Types of Lease | 33 |
| Finance Leasing | 33 |
| Operating Leasing | 33 |
| Contract Hire | |
| Hire Purchase | |
| Business Investment | 34 |
| Manufacturing | 34 |
| Consumer Expenditure | 34 |
| Public Sector | |
| Construction | |
| Wholesale and Retail | 35 |
| EUROPEAN LEASING | 35 |
| Leading European Leasing Countries | |
| Machinery and Industrial Equipment | |
| Table 10: New Leasing Business in Machinery and Industrial Equipment by Country by Value (*m), 1999-2001 | 36 |
| Computers and Business Machines | 36 |
| Table 11: New Leasing Business in Computers and Business Machines by Country by Value (*m), 1999-2001 | 36 |
| Road Transport Vehicles | 37 |
| Table 12: New Leasing Business in Road Transport Vehicles by Country by Value (*m), 1999-2001 | 37 |
| Cars | |
| Table 13: New Leasing Business in Cars by Country by Value (*m), 1999-2001 | |
| Ships, Aircraft and Rolling Stock | 38 |
| Table 14: New Leasing Business in Ships, Aircraft and Rolling Stock by Country by Value (*m), 1999-2001 | |
| 7. Current Issues | |
| ECONOMIC GROWTH | 40 |
| ACCOUNTING STANDARDS | 40 |
| ONLINE TRADING | 41 |
| ASSET MANAGEMENT | 41 |
| EUROPEAN LEASING | 42 |
| IMPACT OF THE EURO | 43 |
| 8. The Global Market | |
| THE TOTAL MARKET | 44 |
| Table 15: The World Leasing Market by Region ($bn), 1997-2001 | |
| THE WORLD ECONOMY | 45 |
| EUROPE | |
| Table 16: Value of New Equipment Leasing in Europe (*bn), 1997-2001 | 46 |
| 9. Forecasts | |
| THE ECONOMY | 68 |
| FORECASTS 2003 TO 2007 | 68 |
| Table 17: Forecast Gross Domestic Fixed Capital Formation, Business Investment and Total Assets Finance by Value at Constant 2002 Prices (£m), 2003-2007 | 69 |
| FUTURE TRENDS | 69 |
| Plant and Machinery | 69 |
| Computers and Office Equipment | 70 |
| Cars and Trucks | 70 |
| Buses and Coaches | 70 |
| Trains | |
| Ships | |
| Aircraft | |
| 10. Company Profiles | |
| Abbey National Treasury Services PLC | |
| Bank of Scotland Structured Asset Finance Ltd | 50 |
| DaimlerChrysler Services UK Ltd | 52 |
| FCE Bank PLC | |
| Five Arrows Leasing Group Ltd | 56 |
| GE Capital Equipment Finance Ltd | 58 |
| HSBC Equipment Finance (UK) Ltd | 60 |
| Key Equipment Finance Ltd | 62 |
| Lloyds TSB Asset Finance Division Ltd | |
| Lombard North Central PLC | 66 |
| 11. Further Sources | |
| Associations | |
| Publications | |
| Directories | |
| Bonnier Information Sources | 73 |
| Government Publications | 74 |
Text © 2004 Key Note
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Last updated by Amanda Porteous February 2004