Worldwide Business Information and Market Reports
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Editor: Dominic Fenn
ISBN:
1-84168-259-4
This report covers: factoring, invoice discounting, funding, recourse factoring, non-recourse factoring, international factoring, international discounting, domestic factoring, average payment period, prepayments,bank lending, sources of finance,leasing, hire-purchase,
Companies covered include: market size, market value, leading companies, turnover, market share, statistics, marketing, trends, research, industry, business intelligence, sector, strategy, factoring, invoice discounting, funding, recourse factoring, non-recourse factoring, international factoring, international discounting, domestic factoring, average payment period, prepayments,bank lending, sources of finance,leasing, hire-purchase,Royal Bank of Scotland Commercial Services, Lloyds TSB Commercial Finance, GMAC Commercial Credit, HSBC Invoice Finance (UK), Barclays Bank Sales Financing, GE Capital Commercial Finance, NMB-Heller, Bank of Scotland Cashflow Finance, Euro Sales, Venture Finance,
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|
Executive Summary |
|
|
| REPORT COVERAGE |
| MARKET SECTORS |
| Factoring |
| Recourse Factoring |
| Non-Recourse Factoring |
| Invoice Discounting |
| and Discounting |
| MARKET TRENDS |
| MARKET POSITION |
| The UK |
| The World |
| TRADE ASSOCIATIONS |
| Factors and Discounters Association |
| Credit Management |
| The Credit Management Research Centre |
|
|
| THE TOTAL MARKET |
| Members of the Factors and Discounters Association |
| Table 1: FDA Members Client Turnover from Factoring and Invoice Discounting in the UK and the Republic of Ireland, and Their Total Number of Clients (£bn and number), 1996-2000 |
| All Companies |
| Table 2: The Estimated Market for Factoring and Invoice Discounting in the UK and the Republic of Ireland by Sector by Value (£m), 1996-2000 |
| BY MARKET SECTOR |
| Table 3: FDA Members Client Turnover from Factoring and Invoice Discounting in the UK and the Republic of Ireland by Sector ( percent), 1996-2000 |
| Domestic Factoring |
| Table 4: FDA Members Client Turnover from Domestic Factoring in the UK and the Republic of Ireland (£bn), 1996-2000 |
| Invoice Discounting |
| Table 5: FDA Members Client Turnover from Domestic Invoice Discounting in the UK and the Republic of Ireland (£bn), 1996-2000 |
| and Discounting |
| Table 6: FDA Members Client Turnover from International Factoring and Discounting in the UK and the Republic of Ireland (£m), 1996-2000 |
| THE MARKET |
| the UK Economy |
| Table 7: Average Payment Period in the UK (number of days), 1996-2001 |
| Prepayments |
| (£bn), 1996-2000 |
| Bank Lending |
| First Quarter 1996-2001 |
| the Smaller Company |
| 1997/1999 |
| ( percent of enterprises), 2001 |
| Leasing and Hire-Purchase |
| Table 12: The UK Leasing and Hire-Purchase Market by Value (£m), 1996-2000 |
| Table 13: The UK Leasing and Hire-Purchase Market by Type of Asset Financed by Value ( percent), 2000 |
| Table 14: The UK Leasing and Hire-Purchase Market by Customer Turnover by Value (£ and percent), 2000 |
|
|
| HISTORICAL BACKGROUND |
| Recent Developments |
| NUMBER OF COMPANIES |
| (£bn), 1985-2000 |
| EMPLOYMENT |
| THE MARKETPLACE |
| DISTRIBUTION |
| THE MARKET? |
| LEGISLATION |
| Late Payment |
|
|
| THE MARKETPLACE |
| Table 16: The UKs Top Ten Factors and Discounters by Estimated Advances (£m), 2001 |
| MARKET LEADERS |
| The Royal Bank of Scotland Commercial Services Ltd |
| Company Structure |
| Current and Future Developments |
| Financial Results |
| Commercial Finance Ltd |
| Company Structure |
| Current and Future Developments |
| Financial Results |
| Commercial Credit Ltd |
| Company Structure |
| Current and Future Developments |
| Financial Results |
| (UK) Ltd |
| Company Structure |
| Current and Future Developments |
| Financial Results |
| Sales Financing |
| Company Structure |
| Current and Future Developments |
| Financial Results |
| Commercial Finance Ltd |
| Company Structure |
| Current and Future Developments |
| Financial Results |
| NMB-Heller Ltd |
| Company Structure |
| Current and Future Developments |
| Financial Results |
| Cashflow Finance |
| Company Structure |
| Current and Future Developments |
| Financial Results |
| Euro Sales |
| Company Structure |
| Current and Future Developments |
| Financial Results |
| Venture Finance PLC |
| Company Structure |
| Current and Future Developments |
| Financial Results |
| PROMOTION |
| and 2001 |
| and Threats |
| STRENGTHS |
| WEAKNESSES |
| OPPORTUNITIES |
| THREATS |
|
|
| THE CUSTOMER BASE |
| By Turnover |
| Table 18: The Customer Base for Factoring and Invoice Discounting by Company Turnover (£ and percent of clients), 2000 |
| By Economic Activity |
| 2000 |
| SMALL BUSINESSES |
| Table 20: The Principal Problems Affecting Small Businesses ( percent of businesses), 2001 |
| FINANCIAL NEEDS |
| Table 21: Breakdown of FDA Members Clients by Turnover (£, percent of clients and percent of advances), 2000 |
| OTHER FACTORS |
|
|
| THE MARKET |
| Table 22: Number of Limited-Company Liquidations and Bankruptcies, January to June 2000 and 2001 |
| INSOLVENCY LAW |
| BREWMARK |
| CREDIT REFERENCING |
|
|
| INTRODUCTION |
| THE EUROPEAN MARKET |
| (million euros), 2000 |
| Table 24: The percentage of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Selected European Countries Using Factoring or Invoice Discounting as a Source of External Finance, 2001 |
| THE WORLD MARKET |
| 2000 |
| the World |
| Table 26: The Worlds Largest Markets for Factoring and Invoice Discounting by Value (million euros), 2000 |
| Market Segmentation |
| Table 27: World Turnover of the Members of Factors Chain International by Sector (million euros), 2000 |
|
|
| INTRODUCTION |
| FORECASTS 2001 TO 2006 |
| Table 28: The Forecast Market for Factoring and Invoice Discounting in the UK and the Republic of Ireland by Sector by Value (£m), 2001-2006 |
| FUTURE TRENDS |
| More New Entrants |
| Exits from the Market |
| Mainland Europe |
|
|
| Commercial Finance Ltd |
| Commercial Credit Ltd |
| (UK) Ltd |
| Commercial Finance Ltd |
| NMB-Heller Ltd |
| The Royal Bank of Scotland Commercial Services Ltd |
| Venture Finance PLC |
|
|
| Associations |
| Periodicals |
| Directories |
| General Sources |
| Information Sources |
| Government Publications |
| Other Sources |
|
Key Note Research |
|
of Reports |
This report looks at the factoring and invoice-discounting sector in the UK. The sector is still generally referred to as 'factoring' because that is how it began a factor took over the running of the client's sales ledger and provided the client with immediate cash but increasingly it is focusing on invoice discounting, where the lending institution advances cash but does not manage the sales ledger for the client.
Key Note's review of the industry comes at a most interesting time. While the research for this report was being carried out, Euro Sales announced rising bad debts, and the US-based General Electric Corporation, which already has an important position in the UK factoring/discounting market, announced that it wished to buy Heller Bank, the major shareholder of one of its competitors, NMB-Heller. As one industry insider emphasised to Key Note at the time:
"You can lose a lot of money in this industry, but people never think of that."
Key Note estimates that the total market for factoring and invoice discounting in the UK and the Republic of Ireland was worth £85.63bn in 2000. More than three-quarters of this figure was derived from invoice discounting, although the majority of the industry's clients make use of factoring services. Factoring clients tend to be smaller than discounting clients, and their borrowing needs are lower. Those that buy discounting tend to be larger in size, and they negotiate much larger financial packages. These packages increasingly include asset-based finance, where the lending is based on physical assets and not on debtor value.
The factoring and invoice-discounting market is enjoying strong growth: Key Note estimates that the market's value increased by 18 percent in 2000, in line with the growth in client turnover reported by the members of the Factors and Discounters Association (FDA). The market is being driven by the growth in the invoice-discounting sector and by the fact that the financial institutions are pursuing much larger clients than they were in the mid- to late 1990s.
However, factoring and invoice discounting still represent a fraction of externally sourced finance at least among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) so the market has huge potential. This explains the growth in the number of suppliers in recent years. There are now around 50 providers of factoring and invoice discounting in the UK market. Two of these, GMAC Commercial Credit and GE Capital Commercial Finance, are relatively new US entrants, and both are making an impact on the market. The ten largest companies in the market accounted for almost 90 percent of total advances in 2000, so most of the suppliers have quite small positions in the market. However, with advances totalling around £7.6bn, there is plenty of business even for the small operators.
Key Note forecasts that the market will grow by between 15 percent and 18 percent each year between 2001 and 2006. Invoice discounting is likely to increase its dominance in the market.
Text © 2001 Key Note
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Last updated by Jacob van Eldik 20th January 2002