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Executive Summary

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Executive Summary

Market Definition

MARKET POSITION

MARKET SECTORS AND TRENDS

Table 1: Top Airports in the World (rank by total aircraft movements)Å, 1997

Table 2: Top Passenger Airports in the World (rank by number of passengers)Å, 1997

Table 3: Top Cargo Airports in the World (rank by tonnes of cargo)Å, 1997

Table 4: World's Top Ten Tourism Destinations by Number of International Tourist Arrivals (000 arrivals), 1996-1997

Market Size

THE TOTAL MARKET

MARKET SECTORS

Table 5: UK Market for Airports by Volume and Value (million, 000 movements, 000 tonnes and £m), 1993-1997

Table 6: UK Airport Revenues by Type (£m and percent), 1995-1997

Table 7: BAA PLC - UK Revenues by Product Area (£m), Year Ending March 1996-1998

Table 8: BAA PLC - Retail Revenues (£m), Year Ending March 1991-1998

Table 9: BAA PLC - Retail Revenue by Product Area (£m), Year Ending March 1995-1998

Industry Background

RECENT HISTORY

INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION

EMPLOYMENT

REGULATORY AUTHORITIES AND TRADE ASSOCIATIONS

Table 10: Industrial Concentration of the UK Commercial Airport Sector (cumulative percent of terminal passengers), 1993, 1996 and 1997

Table 11: Industrial Concentration of UK Airport Ownership (cumulative percent of airport revenues), 1996-1997

Table 12: Estimated Employment Levels of Major UK Airport Operators, 1993-1997

Competitor Analysis

THE MARKETPLACE

MARKET LEADERS

ADVERTISING AND PROMOTION

Table 13: Number of Terminal Passengers Using Major UK Airports (000 and percent), 1993-1997

Table 14: Freight Passing Through Major UK Airports (000 tonnes and percent), 1993-1997

Table 15: Revenues of Leading UK Airports (£m), Year Ending March 1995-1998

Table 16: BAA PLC - Selected Performance (£m, percent, million, 000 movements and 000 tonnes), Year Ending March 1994-1998

Table 17: Manchester Airport PLC - Selected Performance (£m, percent, million, 000 movements and 000 tonnes), Year Ending March 1994-1997

Table 18: Birmingham International Airport Ltd - Selected Performance (£m, percent and million), Year Ending March, 1994-1997

Table 19: London Luton Airport Ltd - Selected Performance (£m, percent and million), Year Ending March 1996 and 1997

Table 20: Newcastle International Airport Limited - Selected Performance (£m, percent and million), Year Ending March 1995-1997

Table 21: Main Media Advertising Expenditure by Airports (£000), Year Ending March 1995-1998

Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT)

STRENGTHS

WEAKNESSES

OPPORTUNITIES

THREATS

Buying Behaviour

INTRODUCTION

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF PASSENGERS

PURPOSE OF FLIGHT

Table 22: Profile of UK Residents Travelling by Air ( percent of travellers), 1997

Table 23: Analysis of Airport Passengers at BAA's UK Airports by Age ( percent), 1997/1998

Table 24: Analysis of Airport Passengers at BAA's UK Airports by Sex ( percent), 1997/1998

Table 25: Analysis of Airport Passengers at BAA's UK Airports by Social Grade ( percent), 1997/1998

Table 26: Analysis of Airport Passengers at BAA's UK Airports by Residency ( percent), 1997/1998

Table 27: Analysis of Airport Passengers at BAA's UK Airports by Passenger Type ( percent), 1997/1998

Table 28: Purpose of Visit of Outbound UK Residents by Air (million visits and percent), 1992-1997

Outside Suppliers to the Industry

Current Issues

CONSOLIDATION OF TOUR OPERATORS

PRIVATISATION, CONSOLIDATION AND OVERSEAS EXPANSION

ABOLITION OF DUTY FREE

FLIGHT DELAYS

LOW-COST AIR SERVICES

INTER-GOVERNMENTAL BILATERAL AGREEMENTS AND ALLIANCES

CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS

TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE

PATTERN OF DEMAND

Table 29: Major UK Airport Expansion Projects, 1998

Table 30: Pattern of Demand of International Tourism Flows by Type (million visits), 1993-1997

Forecasts

KEY TRENDS

FORECASTS 1998 TO 2002

Table 31: Forecasts for the UK Airport Market by Value and Volume (£m, million and 000 tonnes), 1998-2002

Company Profiles

INTRODUCTION

DEFINITIONS

FURTHER INFORMATION

Further Sources

ASSOCIATIONS

PERIODICALS

DIRECTORIES

GENERAL SOURCES

HBI UK INFORMATION SOURCES

GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS

OTHER SOURCES

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Key Note estimates that revenues generated by UK airport operators increased by 5.4 percent, to reach £1.9bn in 1997. This increase in revenues was accompanied by a 7.9 percent increase in terminal passengers, a 4.6 percent increase in air transport movements and a 9.7 percent increase in freight tonnage.

Price control on aircraft landing charges and increasing competition have encouraged most of the major airports to seek additional revenues from retailing and catering. This is reflected in the difference in growth rates between aviation revenues and commercial revenues. Key Note estimates that between 1995 and 1997, aviation revenues generated by UK airports increased by 4.6 percent compared with a 21 percent increase in retail, catering and other commercial revenues. Commercial revenues now account for 49.5 percent of all airport revenues in the UK.

The ban on intra-European Union (EU) duty-free sales, from 30th June 1999, will affect many European airports with high levels of intra-European traffic and duty-free sales. The loss of profits from duty-free sales at airports and on airlines will be passed on to ticket prices, which may affect demand for international air travel. At the same time, retail space at UK airports is becoming saturated and is likely to put further pressure on some airport operators to seek investments overseas as a means of generating growth in sales and profits.

The top ten airports in the UK accounted for 88.7 percent of terminal passengers in 1997. There have been few changes in terms of airport rankings in the UK, as the introduction of new capacity is slow, being subject to stringent planning approvals, and is highly capital intensive. The British Airports Authority (BAA), the world's largest commercial operator of airports, accounts for 70 percent of UK air passenger traffic and 82 percent of air cargo from its seven UK airports.

International air traffic demand is growing at between 4 percent and 5 percent a year, which means that throughput at existing airports will double within the next 15 years. Over this period, many airports will reach capacity, including Gatwick, Stansted and Heathrow. Despite the constraints on airports to expand capacity, Key Note estimates that between 1998 and 2002, passenger demand at UK airports will increase by 17.5 percent, compared with a 34.2 percent increase in freight tonnage, bringing total passenger throughput to 180.3 million and the total volume of freight to 2.83 billion tonnes. The increase in traffic is forecast to produce growth in real revenues of 10.9 percent, to reach £2.17bn by 2002.

Text © 1998 Key Note

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