| KN60024 |
| KEY NOTE Distribution Industry Market Review : June 2004 |
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This report covers: distribution industry, recent legislative and organisational developments, privatisation, transport safety legislation, Marine Safety Act 2003, Railways and Transport Safety Act 2003, domestic, international, road, pipelines, water, inland waterways and coastal shipping, international transport by sea, air, cargo, handling, storage, and, warehousing, rail, key trade associations and professional abodies, UK organisations, national politiacal background, extent of state ownership, working time directive, skills development, night-time delivery, congestion charging, ports, digital tachograph, E-fulfilment, vehicle suppliers, fuel suppliers, exhibitions, conferences and trade shows, UK events, rail freight funding,
Companies covered include: Royal Mail Holdings, Exel, Wincanton, Tesco Distribution, TNT UK, Tibbett Britten Group, English, Welsh and Scottish Railway, Christian Salvesen, Securicor Omega Express,TDG, Associated British Ports Holdings, British Airways, Eurotunnel, Network Rail, Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company, Hays, Eddie Stobart, DHL, Parcelforce, Eurotunnel, Freightliner,
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
| This Review deals with the UK market for the physical distribution of goods and the industry that serves this market. Distribution is defined broadly, to include all modes of freight transport (rail, road, pipeline, sea and air), as well as other activities that form part of the supply chain, such as cargo handling and storage, freight forwarding and the supporting activities provided by port and airport authorities. It also covers the activities of the national post and courier/express companies, which transport items by any or all modes of transport, either on their own services or on those of other operators. |
| Key Note estimates that the UK freight transport and distribution market as a whole was worth £66.68bn in 2003. This figure represents the total turnover of UK companies in this market, and it inevitably includes some 'double counting', because some transport operations include more than one mode of transport and because supporting sectors such as ports and airports handle the same items as the transport principals. Figures for individual sectors of the market are presented within the relevant chapters of this Review. |
| The level of activity and rate of growth in the UK economy have a clear effect on demand for freight transport and distribution services, with increased production, export and import of goods leading to growth in the volume of freight transported. Since 1999, however, the market has grown more slowly than the UK economy as a whole. There is a continuing trend for the economy to be less freight-intensive than it was in the late 1970s, partly because of improvements in transport efficiency and an increase in the share of national income that is accounted for by consumer services. |
| In recent years, new legislation notably in the fields of employment and safety has affected many companies operating in this market. Employment legislation, in particular, has had a disproportionate effect on the operations of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which are well represented in the industry. The way in which drivers are rostered and their working hours are recorded is also about to change, with the introduction of the digital tachograph and the EU Working Time Directive. Deregulation of freight transport in the UK and the rest of Europe has reached an advanced stage in the air and road transport sectors, but it still has a long way to go in the markets for rail, maritime and postal services. |
| Key Note forecasts that the UK freight transport and distribution market as a whole will see continuing growth between 2004 and 2008, although there will be differences in the performance of its constituent sectors. Despite the fact that road transport dominates the domestic freight transport market, the UK road transport sector is expected to continue to grow more slowly than the economy as a whole. However, the inherent advantages of road transport, in terms of its flexibility and adaptability, are likely to ensure the continuation of its leading role. |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Executive Summary |
| 1. Industry Overview |
| REPORT COVERAGE |
| Report Structure |
| Definitions |
| Distribution |
| Logistics |
| Standard Industrial Classification |
| Table 1.1: The Main SIC Codes Applicable to the UK Freight Transport and Distribution Industry, 2004 |
| Other Key Note Reports |
| REPORT BACKGROUND |
| Historical Background |
| Recent Legislative and Organisational Developments |
| Privatisation |
| Transport Safety Legislation |
| Marine Safety Act 2003 |
| Railways and Transport Safety Act 2003 |
| Employment Legislation |
| ECONOMIC TRENDS |
| Population |
| Table 1.2: UK Resident Population Estimates by Sex (000), Mid-Years 1999-2003 |
| Gross Domestic Product |
| Table 1.3: UK Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices and Constant 1995 Prices (£m), 1999-2003 |
| Inflation |
| Table 1.4: UK Rate of Inflation (%), 1999-2003 |
| Unemployment |
| Table 1.5: Actual Number of Unemployed Persons in the UK (million), 1999-2003 |
| Household Disposable Income |
| Table 1.6: Household Disposable Income per Head (£), 1999-2003 |
| MARKET SIZE |
| Table 1.7: The UK Market for Freight Transport and Distribution Services by Value at Current Prices and Constant 1999 Prices (£m), 1999-2003 |
| MARKET SEGMENTATION |
| Domestic and International |
| By SIC Code |
| Rail (SIC code 60.10/9) |
| Domestic |
| International |
| Road (SIC code 60.24) |
| Pipelines (SIC code 60.3) |
| Water (SIC codes 61.10/2 and 61.20/9) |
| Inland Waterways and Coastal Shipping |
| International Transport by Sea |
| Air (SIC codes 62.10/9 and 62.20/9) |
| Domestic |
| International |
| Cargo Handling, Storage and Warehousing (SIC codes 63.11 and 63.12) |
| Other Supporting Transport Activities (SIC codes 63.21, 63.22 and 63.23) |
| Activities of Other Transport Agencies (SIC code 63.40) |
| National Post Activities and Courier Services (SIC codes 64.11 and 64.12) |
| INDUSTRY STRUCTURE |
| Introduction |
| `Own Account' Operations |
| Transport for Hire or Reward |
| Rail |
| Road |
| Pipelines |
| Water |
| Air |
| Cargo Handling |
| Storage and Warehousing |
| Other Supporting Transport Activities |
| Activities of Other Transport Agencies |
| National Post Activities and Courier Services |
| Concentration |
| Table 1.8: Number of UK VAT-Based Enterprises Engaged in Transport and Distribution by Turnover Sizeband (£000, number and %), 2003 |
| Employment |
| Table 1.9: Number of Employee Jobs in Transport and Distribution in Great Britain by Sex and Type of Contract (000), September 1999-2003 |
| MARKET POSITION |
| Rail |
| Domestic |
| International |
| Road |
| Domestic |
| International |
| Water |
| Air |
| Domestic |
| International |
| Cargo Handling, Storage and Warehousing, and Other Supporting Transport Activities |
| Activities of Other Transport Agencies |
| National Post Activities and Courier Services |
| KEY TRENDS |
| Market Liberalisation |
| Enlargement of the EU |
| E-fulfilment |
| Intermodal Freight Transport |
| Freight Quality Partnerships |
| KEY TRADE ASSOCIATIONS AND PROFESSIONAL BODIES |
| UK Organisations |
| Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport (UK) |
| Freight Transport Association |
| International Organisations |
| Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport |
| 2. PEST Analysis |
| INTRODUCTION |
| POLITICAL FACTORS |
| National Political Background |
| Extent of State Ownership |
| Regulation |
| UK |
| European Union |
| Rail |
| Ports |
| Other International Regulatory Issues |
| Other Transport Legislation |
| ECONOMIC FACTORS |
| Influence of the Economy |
| Taxation on Transport Users and Providers |
| Exchange Rates |
| The Budget |
| SOCIAL FACTORS |
| Employment and Other Social Legislation |
| Environmental Concerns |
| Congestion Charging |
| TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS |
| Historical Background |
| Information Technology |
| The Introduction of the Digital Tachograph |
| E-fulfilment |
| 3. Key Note Primary Research |
| INTRODUCTION |
| Overview of Results |
| Table 3.1: Frequency of Ordering Goods by Mail/Phone and Over the Internet (% of respondents), March 2004 |
| Table 3.2: Promptness of Delivery of Goods Ordered by Mail/Phone and Over the Internet (% of respondents who had ordered by these methods in the previous 12 months), March 2004 |
| FREQUENCY OF ORDERING |
| Table 3.3: Frequency of Ordering Goods by Mail/Phone by Sex, Age, Social Grade and Region (% of respondents), March 2004 |
| Table 3.4: Frequency of Ordering Goods Over the Internet by Sex, Age, Social Grade and Region (% of respondents), March 2004 |
| By Sex |
| By Age |
| By Social Grade |
| By Region |
| PROMPTNESS OF DELIVERY |
| Table 3.5: Promptness of Delivery of Goods Ordered by Mail/Phone and Over the Internet by Sex, Age, Social Grade and Region (% of respondents who had ordered by these methods in the previous 12 months), March 2004 |
| By Sex |
| By Age |
| By Social Grade |
| By Region |
| Conclusions |
| INTENTION TO ORDER GOODS OVER THE INTERNET |
| Table 3.6: Intention to Order Goods Over the Internet (% of respondents who had not ordered by this method in the previous 12 months), March 2004 |
| 4. Competitive Structure |
| THE MARKETPLACE |
| MARKET LEADERS |
| Table 4.1: The Top Ten UK Companies in the Freight Transport and Distribution Industry by Turnover (£000), 2002/2003 |
| Royal Mail Holdings PLC |
| Financial Results |
| Exel PLC |
| Financial Results |
| Wincanton PLC |
| Financial Results |
| Tesco Distribution Ltd |
| Financial Results |
| TNT UK Ltd |
| Financial Results |
| Tibbett & Britten Group PLC |
| Financial Results |
| English, Welsh & Scottish Railway Ltd |
| Financial Results |
| Christian Salvesen PLC |
| Financial Results |
| Securicor Omega Express Ltd |
| Financial Results |
| Associated British Ports Holdings PLC |
| Financial Results |
| OTHER COMPANIES |
| British Airways PLC |
| Eurotunnel PLC |
| Network Rail Ltd |
| Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company |
| OUTSIDE SUPPLIERS/CONTRACTORS |
| Vehicle Suppliers |
| Suppliers of Equipment and Engineering Services |
| Fuel Suppliers |
| MARKETING ACTIVITY |
| Main Media Advertising |
| Table 4.2: Main Media Advertising Expenditure by the Freight Transport and Distribution Industry (£000), Years Ending December 2002 and 2003 |
| Other Marketing Activity |
| DHL |
| Parcelforce |
| Exhibitions, Conferences and Trade Shows |
| UK Events |
| International Events |
| 5. Rail Transport |
| DEFINITION |
| KEY TRENDS |
| Rail Freight Funding |
| The Second Railway Package |
| MARKET SIZE |
| By Value |
| Table 5.1: Turnover of UK Companies from Freight Transport by Rail at Current Prices (£m), 1999-2003 |
| By Volume |
| Table 5.2: Volume of Freight Lifted in the UK Market for Rail Transport by Sector (million tonnes), 1999-2003 |
| SUPPLY STRUCTURE |
| Number of Businesses |
| Table 5.3: Number of UK VAT-Based Enterprises Engaged in Rail Transport by Turnover Sizeband (£000, number and %), 2003 |
| Employment |
| Table 5.4: Number of Employee Jobs in the Rail Transport Sector in Great Britain by Sex and Type of Contract (000), September 2003 |
| Trade Associations |
| Rail Freight Group |
| MAJOR PLAYERS |
| English, Welsh & Scottish Railway Ltd |
| Products and Brands |
| Market Share |
| Eurotunnel PLC |
| Products and Brands |
| Market Share |
| Freightliner |
| Products and Brands |
| Market Share |
| BUYING BEHAVIOUR |
| FORECASTS 2004 TO 2008 |
| Table 5.5: Forecast Turnover of UK Companies from Freight Transport by Rail at Current Prices and Constant 1999 Prices (£m), 2004-2008 |
| 6. Road Transport |
| DEFINITION |
| KEY TRENDS |
| Driver Management Issues |
| The Digital Tachograph |
| Working Time Directive |
| Skills Development |
| Road Congestion and Freight Vehicles |
| Night-Time Delivery |
| Congestion Charging |
| Corporate Activity |
| Hays |
| Eddie Stobart |
| MARKET SIZE |
| By Value |
| Table 6.1: Turnover of UK Companies from Freight Transport by Road at Current Prices (£m), 1999-2003 |
| By Volume |
| Table 6.2: Volume of Domestic Freight Lifted in the UK Market for Road Transport by Sector (million tonnes), 1999-2003 |
| Table 6.3: Volume of International Freight Lifted in the UK Market for Road Transport by Sector (million tonnes), 1999-2003 |
| SUPPLY STRUCTURE |
| Number of Businesses |
| Table 6.4: Number of UK VAT-Based Enterprises Engaged in Freight Transport by Road by Turnover Sizeband (£000, number and %), 2003 |
| Employment |
| Table 6.5: Number of Employee Jobs in the Road Transport Sector in Great Britain by Sex and Type of Contract (000), September 2003 |
| Trade Associations |
| Freight Transport Association |
| Road Haulage Association |
| MAJOR PLAYERS |
| Christian Salvesen PLC |
| Products and Brands |
| Product Developments |
| Market Share |
| TDG PLC |
| Products and Brands |
| Market Share |
| Tesco Distribution Ltd |
| Products and Brands |
| Market Share |
| Tibbett & Britten Group PLC |
| Products and Brands |
| Market Share |
| Wincanton PLC |
| Products and Brands |
| Market Share |
| BUYING BEHAVIOUR |
| FORECASTS 2004 TO 2008 |
| Table 6.6: Forecast Turnover of UK Companies from Freight Transport by Road at Current Prices and Constant 1999 Prices (£m), 2004-2008 |
| 7. Pipelines |
| DEFINITION |
| KEY TRENDS |
| Role of the UK Oil and Pipelines Agency |
| Pipelines and EU Energy and Transport Policy |
| MARKET SIZE |
Text © 2004 Key Note
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Last updated by Amanda Porteous July 2004