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KN60000 KEY NOTE BUS AND COACH OPERATORS JULY 2000

ISBN 1-84168-094-X

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Executive Summary

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The bus and coach services market reached a value of £4.48bn in 1998/1999. Passenger receipts accounted for 78.1 percent of the market, or 88 percent if concessionary fare reimbursement from local authorities is included, and local bus services represented 66.8 percent of passenger receipts (including concessionary fare reimbursement).
Within Great Britain, England had the highest increase in passenger receipts between 1994/1995 and 1998/1999. Within England, London had a 10.1 percent increase in passenger receipts in real terms, while the figure for other metropolitan areas fell by 1.2 percent. Public support and grants to local bus services have remained a fairly constant proportion of income since the mid-1990s. Concessionary fare reimbursement accounted for 45 percent of all support and grants in 1999. The other subsidies available to operators include direct fuel duty rebate and other local bus services support schemes. The Rural Bus Subsidy Grant was introduced in 1998/1999, and led to 1,845 new or enhanced bus services in rural areas.
The industry’s environment has stabilised following a phase of adjustment to the new market conditions created by the deregulation and privatisation of local bus services in 1985 (outside London) and 1994 (within London). Bus and coach fleets are being upgraded by most of the large operators and bus operating costs consequently fell by 9 percent between 1994 and 1999. The total fleet of vehicles has increased by 16.8 percent since 1985/1986. The trend is towards more cost-efficient and flexible vehicles, and the number of new generation single-decker buses has increased by 45 percent over the same period.
Five top transport groups dominate the industry: FirstGroup, Stagecoach, Arriva, National Express Group and The Go-Ahead Group share 63 percent of the local bus market. All of these five large operators have emphasised their diversification strategies in other countries and other sectors of passenger transport. The degree of concentration of the industry was slightly less pronounced in 1999 than it was in previous years. New operators entered the top range of the market, reflecting both the growth of bus operations as a more profitable activity and a more regulated competitive environment.
Following the 1998 White Paper on Transport, the Government released its £80bn 10-year plan on transport in 1999. Increased use of transport by bus and coach is one of the objectives of the Transport Bill. Local authorities and local bus operators are encouraged to co-operate in the preparation of transport plans through the newly introduced Quality Partnership Schemes.
Key Note estimates that the number of vehicle kilometres will increase by 10.4 percent between 1999/2000 and 2004/2005, reaching almost 3 billion vehicle kilometres in 2005. The number of bus passengers will decrease by 4.3 percent over the same period of time, reflecting a trend towards shorter bus journey in smaller buses by a smaller number of passengers.

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Last updated by Jacob van Eldik 22nd August 2000