| KN37014 |
| KEY NOTE Metal Recycling: March 2004 |
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This report covers: ferrous metal scrap, non-ferrous metal scrap, precious metal scrap, other metals, increased competition overseas, fluctuating metal prices, demand for platinum overtakes palladium, stainless steel scrap in demand, prices reach a 3-year high,aluminium, nickel, zinc, copper, lead, tin, silver, gold, platinum, palladium, legislative changes, developments, etc.
Companies covered include: Corus UK, ELG Haniel Metals, European Metal Recycling,Sims Group UK, Alcan Incorporated, Alcoa, AMG Resources, CF Booth, Cronimet Group, Hydro Aluminium, Johnson Matthey. London and Scandinavian Metallurgical Co., Mounster Metal Corporation,
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Executive Summary Key Note defines the metal recycling market as ferrous scrap or secondary metals containing iron or steel and non-ferrous scrap or secondary metals. Non-ferrous metals covered in this Market Report include aluminium, copper, lead, nickel, zinc and tin, with brief reference to precious metals such as gold, silver, platinum and palladium.
Consumption of recycled metals within the UK is estimated to account for £1.56bn in 2003, or around 5.5 million tonnes of ferrous and non-ferrous materials (excluding precious metals). There has been an overall decline in volume since the late 1990s, driven by trends within the ferrous sector, which has lost share of the total market, but which was still estimated to be responsible for 76.7% of overall volume in 2003.
In terms of value, however, the ferrous sector represents only 24.5% of the total value of the metals recycling market. In the non-ferrous sector, aluminium accounts for 68.7% of non-ferrous volume and 16.1% of total metals volume, and has shown growth over the 1999 to 2003 period under review. Tin represents the smallest volume overall. The UK operates within an increasingly competitive international context and exports of scrap metals have grown substantially in recent years, accounting for 63% of UK production of ferrous scrap in 2002.
International trading sanctions, therefore, impact upon the UK for example, the steel tariffs on imports imposed by the US in 2002 to protect its domestic market, which were repealed in December 2003. Similarly, in 2003, the world witnessed strong demand from China for all types of scrap metal, a trend that is likely to continue and which has implications for diversion of scrap from European markets.
The metal recycling market is characterised by a large number of small and mid-sized companies, although there is a tendency towards consolidation, as companies invest to meet increasingly onerous environmental targets. Legislation such as the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive and the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive, which are due to be in place by the end of 2004 with producer targets set to begin in 2005, as well as the End-of-Life Vehicles (ELVs) Directive, all present increased opportunities for metal recycling.
Key Note forecasts modest overall volume growth in the market through to 2008, against a background of comparatively favourable economic signs, but with caution in the manufacturing sector and allowing for legislation to take hold. The ferrous sector is forecast to maintain its position, with the increased environmental targets impacting upon the non-ferrous sector. Nickel and aluminium are likely to show faster growth rates than copper, lead, zinc and tin. The value of the precious metals sector is expected to show growth of 4.1% over the forecast period to 2008.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Executive Summary |
| 1. Market Definition |
| REPORT COVERAGE |
| MARKET SECTORS |
| Ferrous Metals Scrap |
| Non-Ferrous Metals Scrap |
| Precious Metals Scrap |
| Other Metals |
| MARKET TRENDS |
| Increased Competition Overseas |
| Fluctuating Metal Prices |
| Table 1: Variation in Typical Scrap Metal Prices, Based on Cash |
| Price (£ per tonne), November 2000, 2002 and 2003 |
| Table 2: Average London Metal Exchange Prices in US Dollars/Tonne Converted to Sterling ($ and £), January 2004 |
| Comparatively High Metal Recycling Rates |
| Table 3: Scrap Reusage as a Percentage of UK Consumption (%), 1985, 1998 and 2001 |
| Demand for Platinum Overtakes Palladium |
| Stainless Steel Scrap in Demand |
| Tin Prices Reach 3-Year High |
| ECONOMIC TRENDS |
| Gross Domestic Product |
| Table 4: UK Gross Domestic Product at Current and Constant 1995 Prices (£m), 1998-2002 |
| Household Disposable Income |
| Table 5: Household Disposable Income |
| (£ and %), 1998-2002 |
| Market Position |
| The UK |
| The World |
| 2. Market Size |
| THE TOTAL MARKET |
| Table 6: The Apparent UK Market for Consumption of Recycled |
| (secondary/scrap) Metals by Volume and Value |
| (000 tonnes and £m), 1999-2003 |
| BY MARKET SECTOR |
| Table 7: The Apparent UK Market for Consumption of Recycled |
| (secondary/scrap) Metals by Value and Volume by Sector |
| (000 tonnes, %, £ per tonne and £m), 1999-2003 |
| THE FERROUS SECTOR |
| Table 8: Consumption of Iron and Steel Scrap |
| in Steelworks by Volume and Value |
| (000 tonnes, %, £ per tonne and £000), 1998-2002 |
| THE NON-FERROUS SECTOR |
| Aluminium |
| Table 9: UK Aluminium Ingot Production by Primary |
| and Secondary Smelters and Wrought Remelt Production |
| (000 tonnes), 1998-2002 |
| Table 10: UK Recycling Rate of Post-Use Aluminium Cans |
| and Foil (tonnes and %), 2001 |
| Nickel |
| Zinc |
| Copper |
| Lead |
| Tin |
| PRECIOUS METALS SECTOR |
| Silver |
| Gold |
| Platinum and Palladium |
| Table 11: European Demand for Platinum and Palladium |
| by Application (000 ounces), 2002 and 2003 |
| OVERSEAS TRADE |
| Imports |
| Ferrous Metals |
| Non-Ferrous Metals |
| Table 12: UK Imports of Non-Ferrous Scrap by Material |
| by Volume (tonnes), 2001 and 2002 |
| Table 13: UK Imports of Non-Ferrous Scrap by Material by Volume by Country of Origin (tonnes), 2002 |
| Table 14: UK Imports of Non-Ferrous Scrap by Material by Volume from EU Countries (tonnes), January-August 2003 |
| Exports |
| Ferrous Metals |
| Table 15: UK Exports of Ferrous Scrap Metal by Volume by Country of Origin (tonnes and %), 2002 |
| Non-Ferrous Metals |
| Table 16: UK Exports of Non-Ferrous Scrap by Material |
| by Volume (tonnes), 2001 and 2002 |
| Table 17: UK Exports of Non-Ferrous Scrap by Material by Volume by Country of Origin (tonnes), 2002 |
| Table 18: UK Exports of Non-Ferrous Scrap by Material by Volume by EU Country (tonnes), January-August 2003 |
| 3. Industry Background |
| RECENT HISTORY |
| INDUSTRY SYNOPSIS |
| Table 19: Data from ICC Plum's Database on Recycling of Metal Waste and Scrap (£000 and %), 2002 |
| Number and Size of Companies |
| Table 20: Number of VAT-Based Enterprises Engaged |
| in the Recycling of Metal Waste and Scrap |
| by Turnover (£000), 2001 and 2003 |
| Employment |
| Table 21: Number of VAT-Based Local Units Engaged |
| in the Recycling of Metal Waste and Scrap |
| by Number of Employees, 2003 |
| REGIONAL VARIATIONS IN THE MARKETPLACE AND DISTRIBUTION |
| HOW ROBUST IS THE MARKET? |
| LEGISLATION |
| Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive |
| Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in |
| Electrical and Electronic Equipment (RoHS) Directive |
| End-of-Life Vehicles (ELVs) Directive |
| Producer Obligation (Packaging Waste) Regulations 1997 Directive |
| KEY TRADE ASSOCIATIONS |
| Aluminium Federation |
| The British Metals Recycling Association |
| The London Metal Exchange |
| Other Organisations |
| Alupro |
| Bureau of International Recycling |
| Eurofer |
| Eurometaux |
| Steel Can Recycling Information Bureau |
| Tin Technology |
| International Study Groups |
| 4. Competitor Analysis |
| THE MARKETPLACE |
| MARKET LEADERS |
| Corus UK Ltd |
| Company Structure |
| Current Developments |
| Financial Results |
| ELG Haniel Metals Ltd |
| Company Structure |
| Current and Future Developments |
| Financial Results |
| European Metal Recycling Ltd |
| Company Structure |
| Current and Future Developments |
| Financial Results |
| Sims Group UK Ltd |
| Company Structure |
| Current and Future Developments |
| Financial Results |
| Other Companies |
| Alcan Incorporated |
| Alcoa Incorporated |
| AMG Resources Ltd |
| CF Booth Ltd |
| Cronimet Group |
| Hydro Aluminium |
| Johnson Matthey PLC |
| London and Scandinavian Metallurgical Co. Ltd |
| Mountstar Metal Corporation Ltd |
| OUTSIDE SUPPLIERS |
| Marketing Activity |
| Exhibitions |
| 5. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats |
| STRENGTHS |
| WEAKNESSES |
| OPPORTUNITIES |
| THREATS |
| 6. Buying Behaviour |
| CUSTOMER PROFILE |
| Buyers of Ferrous Scrap |
| Table 22: Users of Ferrous Scrap Within the Industry by Volume (000 tonnes), 2001 and 2002 |
| Buyers of Non-Ferrous Scrap |
| Aluminium |
| Nickel |
| Zinc |
| Copper |
| Lead |
| Tin |
| 7. Current Issues |
| INTERNATIONAL MARKETS |
| The US |
| Steel Tariffs Lifted |
| Record Aluminium and Shredded Scrap Exports |
| China |
| Steel Tariffs Repealed |
| Plans for Aluminium Smelters |
| Germany |
| Drinks Can Collection Scheme is Encountering Problems |
| BMW Conforms to End-of-Life Vehicles (ELVs) Directive |
| LEGISLATIVE CHANGES |
| Waste and Resources Action Programme |
| Definition of Waste as Scrap |
| End-of-Life Vehicles Directive |
| Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive and |
| Restriction of Hazardous Substances |
| The Producer Obligation (Packaging Waste) Regulations 1997 |
| Other EU Environment Directives to Impact on the UK |
| Landfill Directive |
| Emissions Trading Scheme (2005) |
| Directives on Batteries |
| Climate Change Levy |
| PRODUCT AND TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENTS |
| Steelmaking Process |
| Lead-Free Soldering |
| EUROPEAN CORPORATE ACTIVITY |
| OTHER ISSUES |
| Role of the Internet |
| Expansion of the EU |
| 8. The Global Market |
| KEY WORLD MARKETS FOR FERROUS SCRAP |
| KEY EUROPEAN MARKETS FOR FERROUS SCRAP |
| Table 23: EU Steel Industry Consumption |
| of Ferrous Scrap (000 tonnes), 2001 |
| International Lead and Zinc Consumption |
| Table 24: Consumption of Lead and Zinc by Continent |
| by Volume (000 tonnes), 2002 and 2003 |
| KEY WORLD NEWS REPORTS |
| General Increased International Trade in Steel |
| Relative Effect of Strong Currencies in a Global Steel Market |
| Chinese Expansion |
| US Aluminium Can Recycling |
| 9. Forecasts |
| THE ECONOMY |
| FUTURE TRENDS |
| Forecast Economic Trends |
| Population |
| Table 25: Forecast UK Resident Population by Sex |
| (000), 2003-2007 |
| Gross Domestic Product |
| Table 26: Forecast UK Gross Domestic Product |
| in Real Terms (%), 2003-2007 |
| Unemployment |
| Table 27: Forecast Actual Number of Unemployed |
| Persons (million), 2003-2007 |
| FORECASTS 2004 TO 2008 |
| Table 28: The Forecast UK Market for Consumption of Recycled (secondary/scrap) Metals by Volume (000 tonnes), 2004-2008 |
| Ferrous Metals |
| Non-Ferrous Metals |
| 10. Company Profiles |
| Corus Uk Ltd |
| Elg Haniel Metals Ltd |
| European Metal Recycling Ltd |
| Mountstar Metal Corporation Ltd |
| Sims Group Uk Ltd |
| 11. Further Sources |
| Associations |
| Publications |
| General Sources |
| Government Sources |
| Other Sources |
| Bonnier Sources |
Text © 2004 Key Note
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Last updated by Amanda Porteous June 2004